The difference between bio-insecticides and chemically synthesized pesticides

Organic insecticides are chemical pesticides. The essential difference between the two is like biological weapons and chemical weapons. It is popular to say that biological insecticides cause the pests to catch a cold, and chemical pesticides directly kill the pests.

First, biological insecticides

There are many types of microbial pesticides, and more than 2,000 kinds have been discovered. According to the classification of microorganisms, they can be classified into bacteria, fungi, viruses, protozoa and nematodes. At present, the domestic research and development of applications and the formation of commercial products are mainly bacterial insecticides, fungi, pesticides, insecticides and antibiotics virus Insecticides.

Biological insecticides are mainly divided into three major categories: Bacillus thuringiensis, insect virus, and plant extract. They are characterized by convenient materials, low cost, long control period, high efficiency, economy, safety, pollution-free, and high compatibility with the environment. It is the best pesticide choice for the production of pollution-free green vegetables.

1, fungal pesticides

Fungal insecticides are a class of entomopathogenic fungi with a wide range of parasitic spectrum and are a contact microbial insecticide. At present, the main types of research and utilization are: Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium, Paecilomyces, Chaetomium and Verticillium. (1) Beauveria bassiana is the fungal insecticide with the longest research time and the largest application area in China. (2) Metarhizium anisopliae is a broad-spectrum entomopathogenic bacteria. The area of ​​pest control in foreign countries is more than that of Beauveria bassiana, and the control effect is comparable to Beauveria bassiana.

2, bacterial insecticide

Bacterial insecticides are the earliest and most widely used microbial insecticides in domestic research and development. At present, the varieties studied and studied include Bacillus thuringiensis, Penicillium, Bacillus cerevisiae and Bacillus sphaericus, among which Bacillus thuringiensis is the most representative variety. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is an important insect pathogen that produces spore-forming crystal toxins and has a broad host spectrum of insects. It is a stomach-toxic insecticide. Bacillus thuringiensis has different degrees of toxicity to a variety of agricultural pests, including cotton bollworm, tobacco budworm, silver beetle, Spodoptera litura, beet armyworm, small tiger, rice leaf roller, corn borer, Plutella xylostella and tea caterpillars have good effects on forest pests, pine caterpillars. In addition, it can also be used to control mosquito larvae and stored grain moth pests.

Second, chemical pesticides

Anyone who grows crops knows a range of hazards, especially those that eat the leaves and fruits of crops.

Since ancient Greece and the Roman era, farmers have tried to fight insecticides with insects. In the 20th century, scientists were looking for a truly powerful pesticide that could be used in large-scale agricultural production. In 1939, a breakthrough took place. At the time, Swiss scientist Paul Miller discovered that a chemical called "DDT" (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) was a powerful insecticide.

Third, the principle of application of biological pesticides

1, symptomatic treatment. The specificity and good selectivity of biocides have determined that their insecticidal species and host range are more specific. Insecticides such as Bacillus thuringiensis, insect viruses, etc., which are made of insect-causing microorganisms, can not only prevent lepidopteran pests such as cotton bollworm, cabbage caterpillar, and heartworm. It can also prevent pests such as weevil, Liriomyza sativae. Therefore, when using biocides, they should be selected according to the type of pests.

2. Scientific application. Biocides are mostly "active", and the application environment and scientific use are the key to their good control. For example, when applying microbial insecticides such as Bacillus thuringiensis and insect viruses, it is generally advisable to apply the evening or cloudy days in warm and humid weather, and it is strictly prohibited to use the fungicides or alkaline pesticides at the same time or in combination. Plant extract pesticides should not be placed for a long time, should be used now, so as not to reduce the efficacy.

3. Proper control. The insecticidal mechanism of biological insecticides is different from chemical pesticides, and it usually takes effect through infestation, parasitic accumulation, and effective stomach toxicity. At the time of application, it is necessary to grasp the egg hatching period or the larvae for the younger age. It can not only immerse the insects in the eggs or attach them to the egg shells, but also kills the larvae when they hatch, and can ensure that the pests die after feeding.

More pesticide knowledge , please pay attention to China Pesticide Network

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