Experts said that although the carbon tax is conducive to energy structure adjustment, the timing of the levy has not yet arrived.
The research group of the Finance Department of the Ministry of Finance recently released the report "China's carbon taxation study" said that it can consider introducing a carbon tax in the next five years and specifically propose the implementation framework of China's carbon tax system. In some developed countries discussing the implementation of carbon tax to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, whether China has reached the timing of the "carbon tax" has also triggered expert discussions.
Experts pointed out that in the long run, the introduction of a carbon tax is conducive to the adjustment of China's energy structure. However, due to the fact that the tax collection involves more problems, the possibility of levy in the short term is not great. For France and other countries to call for the introduction of carbon tariffs recently, experts also said that China's pressure on carbon tariffs is growing, and the carbon tax is a good way to deal with it.
Conducive to energy structure adjustment
Wang Dehua, assistant researcher of the Finance and Taxation Research Office of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, believes that the carbon tax can increase the fiscal revenue and correct the use of resources by enterprises and residents. Therefore, it is very necessary, and from the perspective of the existing tax system, this The first type of tax is still relatively lacking. The current tax system is more prominent in the function of increasing fiscal revenue, but does not give full play to the role of improving resource allocation.
Liu Deshun, deputy director of the Institute of Global Climate Change at Tsinghua University, told reporters that China has already done a lot of effective work in energy conservation and emission reduction. Now the country has proposed to vigorously develop renewable energy and nuclear energy, plus carbon tax. Financial measures can be combined with other measures to reduce energy consumption.
"China is a country with insufficient energy reserves. Energy conservation and emission reduction is an established national policy and a long-term goal." Liu Wei, deputy dean of the School of Taxation of the Central University of Finance and Economics, said that by levying a carbon tax to raise the price of basic energy, energy can be made. The structure is more reasonable, so that the whole people can form a sense of energy conservation, and taxation of monopoly industries. It is also logical to use this part of income to control the environment.
The National Development and Reform Commission Energy Institute previously released the "2050 China Energy and Carbon Emissions Report" also pointed out that the introduction of a carbon tax may have a positive effect on curbing energy prices.
It is unlikely to be levied in the short term
Regarding the timing of the current carbon tax, Zhu Xi, deputy director of the Energy Economic Research Office of the Institute of Industrial Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, believes that since the carbon tax is involved in all aspects, it should not be levied in the short term.
"I don't want to levy it." Zhu said that if the carbon tax is levied at this stage, there are still some problems to be solved, such as how much carbon tax should be levied, and whether other countries agree with China's levying standards.
"We are at a different stage of development from developed countries. The reason why developed countries have called for carbon tax and carbon tariffs is actually forcing developing countries to commit to reducing emissions. China has not yet been able to make such a commitment." Point out.
Liu Deshun also holds the same view. "Whether the carbon tax is levied should be considered from a larger background." He said that if a carbon tax is imposed, enterprises need to pay more money. Therefore, whether to levy a carbon tax requires macroeconomics and industry. Development and other more comprehensive research.
"In addition, if the carbon tax is regarded as a national policy, in a sense, it will be regarded as a commitment to reduce emissions." Liu Deshun said that at present, from the perspective of per capita GDP, China is still a developing country. Although we are actively responding to global climate change in action, there is no condition to make a political commitment to reduce emissions. Therefore, the timing of the introduction of carbon tax should also take this into account.
It is recommended to levy a carbon tax to deal with carbon tariffs
In the current economic situation, the rise of trade protectionism has become a consensus. In addition to explicit trade protection measures, many experts worry that Western countries exert pressure on China on climate change issues, and the imposition of carbon tariffs is actually a recessive Trade protection measures.
Liu Wei, director of the Americas and Oceania Research Department of the Ministry of Commerce, told reporters that since the financial crisis, trade frictions have increased, and more notably, there are many hidden trade protectionisms, such as the United States and Europe. Trade protection is carried out in the name of environmental protection and climate. The “carbon tariff†is a typical trade protection with the name of environmental protection.
Zhang Jianping, director of the Institute of Foreign Economics of the National Development and Reform Commission, believes that the imposition of "carbon tariffs" not only violates the WTO's principle of free trade and the principle of "most favored nation treatment", but also violates the "developed countries and developing countries established by the Kyoto Protocol in the field of climate change". The principle of common but differentiated responsibilities. "The proposal and implementation of carbon tariffs is a trade protectionism under the banner of green, which will have a great impact on the economy of developing countries."
Faced with the pressure of other countries to impose carbon tariffs, Fan Gang, director of the National Economic Research Institute, pointed out that "not saying "not" is not enough, and there must be practical measures to deal with it." He believes that if our country imposes a carbon tax, The re-levy of carbon tariffs in the United States has become a double taxation. Now the WTO has determined that carbon tariffs are legal and in line with WTO principles; double taxation is a violation of the WTO agreement. If China levies a carbon tax, it can reduce the possibility of the US carbon tariff proposal.
Fan Gang said that if China imposes a carbon tax, it must target all products, which will increase the carbon cost of the products and lead to an increase in the price of domestic products. “It may cause a certain loss to the economy, but this will help China’s structural adjustment. In the long run, it is conducive to economic growth.†Fan Gang said that overall, economic growth and employment growth will not necessarily have a large loss. At the same time, China can also reduce the corporate income tax and the rate of payment of labor insurance when the carbon tax is imposed, so that the comprehensive cost of the enterprise has not improved.
Wang Dehua also suggested that relevant departments can use carbon tax revenue to subsidize enterprise energy conservation research to reduce the cost of enterprises due to carbon tax.
The research group of the Finance Department of the Ministry of Finance recently released the report "China's carbon taxation study" said that it can consider introducing a carbon tax in the next five years and specifically propose the implementation framework of China's carbon tax system. In some developed countries discussing the implementation of carbon tax to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, whether China has reached the timing of the "carbon tax" has also triggered expert discussions.
Experts pointed out that in the long run, the introduction of a carbon tax is conducive to the adjustment of China's energy structure. However, due to the fact that the tax collection involves more problems, the possibility of levy in the short term is not great. For France and other countries to call for the introduction of carbon tariffs recently, experts also said that China's pressure on carbon tariffs is growing, and the carbon tax is a good way to deal with it.
Conducive to energy structure adjustment
Wang Dehua, assistant researcher of the Finance and Taxation Research Office of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, believes that the carbon tax can increase the fiscal revenue and correct the use of resources by enterprises and residents. Therefore, it is very necessary, and from the perspective of the existing tax system, this The first type of tax is still relatively lacking. The current tax system is more prominent in the function of increasing fiscal revenue, but does not give full play to the role of improving resource allocation.
Liu Deshun, deputy director of the Institute of Global Climate Change at Tsinghua University, told reporters that China has already done a lot of effective work in energy conservation and emission reduction. Now the country has proposed to vigorously develop renewable energy and nuclear energy, plus carbon tax. Financial measures can be combined with other measures to reduce energy consumption.
"China is a country with insufficient energy reserves. Energy conservation and emission reduction is an established national policy and a long-term goal." Liu Wei, deputy dean of the School of Taxation of the Central University of Finance and Economics, said that by levying a carbon tax to raise the price of basic energy, energy can be made. The structure is more reasonable, so that the whole people can form a sense of energy conservation, and taxation of monopoly industries. It is also logical to use this part of income to control the environment.
The National Development and Reform Commission Energy Institute previously released the "2050 China Energy and Carbon Emissions Report" also pointed out that the introduction of a carbon tax may have a positive effect on curbing energy prices.
It is unlikely to be levied in the short term
Regarding the timing of the current carbon tax, Zhu Xi, deputy director of the Energy Economic Research Office of the Institute of Industrial Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, believes that since the carbon tax is involved in all aspects, it should not be levied in the short term.
"I don't want to levy it." Zhu said that if the carbon tax is levied at this stage, there are still some problems to be solved, such as how much carbon tax should be levied, and whether other countries agree with China's levying standards.
"We are at a different stage of development from developed countries. The reason why developed countries have called for carbon tax and carbon tariffs is actually forcing developing countries to commit to reducing emissions. China has not yet been able to make such a commitment." Point out.
Liu Deshun also holds the same view. "Whether the carbon tax is levied should be considered from a larger background." He said that if a carbon tax is imposed, enterprises need to pay more money. Therefore, whether to levy a carbon tax requires macroeconomics and industry. Development and other more comprehensive research.
"In addition, if the carbon tax is regarded as a national policy, in a sense, it will be regarded as a commitment to reduce emissions." Liu Deshun said that at present, from the perspective of per capita GDP, China is still a developing country. Although we are actively responding to global climate change in action, there is no condition to make a political commitment to reduce emissions. Therefore, the timing of the introduction of carbon tax should also take this into account.
It is recommended to levy a carbon tax to deal with carbon tariffs
In the current economic situation, the rise of trade protectionism has become a consensus. In addition to explicit trade protection measures, many experts worry that Western countries exert pressure on China on climate change issues, and the imposition of carbon tariffs is actually a recessive Trade protection measures.
Liu Wei, director of the Americas and Oceania Research Department of the Ministry of Commerce, told reporters that since the financial crisis, trade frictions have increased, and more notably, there are many hidden trade protectionisms, such as the United States and Europe. Trade protection is carried out in the name of environmental protection and climate. The “carbon tariff†is a typical trade protection with the name of environmental protection.
Zhang Jianping, director of the Institute of Foreign Economics of the National Development and Reform Commission, believes that the imposition of "carbon tariffs" not only violates the WTO's principle of free trade and the principle of "most favored nation treatment", but also violates the "developed countries and developing countries established by the Kyoto Protocol in the field of climate change". The principle of common but differentiated responsibilities. "The proposal and implementation of carbon tariffs is a trade protectionism under the banner of green, which will have a great impact on the economy of developing countries."
Faced with the pressure of other countries to impose carbon tariffs, Fan Gang, director of the National Economic Research Institute, pointed out that "not saying "not" is not enough, and there must be practical measures to deal with it." He believes that if our country imposes a carbon tax, The re-levy of carbon tariffs in the United States has become a double taxation. Now the WTO has determined that carbon tariffs are legal and in line with WTO principles; double taxation is a violation of the WTO agreement. If China levies a carbon tax, it can reduce the possibility of the US carbon tariff proposal.
Fan Gang said that if China imposes a carbon tax, it must target all products, which will increase the carbon cost of the products and lead to an increase in the price of domestic products. “It may cause a certain loss to the economy, but this will help China’s structural adjustment. In the long run, it is conducive to economic growth.†Fan Gang said that overall, economic growth and employment growth will not necessarily have a large loss. At the same time, China can also reduce the corporate income tax and the rate of payment of labor insurance when the carbon tax is imposed, so that the comprehensive cost of the enterprise has not improved.
Wang Dehua also suggested that relevant departments can use carbon tax revenue to subsidize enterprise energy conservation research to reduce the cost of enterprises due to carbon tax.
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