Hospital Fire Safety Hidden Troubles and Improvement Measures

【Abstract】This paper analyzes the fire safety of hospitals and puts forward five potential safety hazards in hospitals. Five improvement measures are proposed for hospital fire safety hazards , hoping to provide a useful reference for hospital administrators.

[Keywords] hospital; fire safety; hidden dangers; measures

China’s socialist market economy has achieved unprecedented results, people’s demand for medical services has become more abundant, and more and more people have chosen to treat and recover in hospitals, prompting the expansion of the scale, personnel, and equipment of hospitals and making the hospital’s fire protection. Security has become a work that cannot be ignored. The slightest negligence in fire safety work in hospital management will cause great economic losses and social impact. Huaiyin District People's Hospital of Huai'an City, Jiangsu Province, suffered a fire in the hospital ward, resulting in 7 deaths and direct property loss of 400,000 yuan. The Liaoyuan Central Hospital in Jilin Province caught fire, causing 39 deaths, 182 injuries and hospitalization, and direct property loss of RMB 8.21 million. An extraordinary fire broke out in the Lushan County Retirement Center in Henan Province, killing 38 people. The frequent occurrence of various kinds of fires in medical and health institutions has caused great threats to the people’s property and lives, and has also caused many major impacts on the creation of a harmonious society. This article combines the actual situation of the hospital, put forward the hidden dangers of hospital fire safety, combined with the actual work to propose ways to improve, and promote the hospital fire safety management capabilities continue to increase.

1Hazard of hospital fire safety management

1.1 Congenital deficiency of hospital infrastructure and facilities

Many hospitals have a certain historical continuance. Older buildings have low fire protection levels, and the electrical lines and facilities are aging. It is difficult to transform them and they continue to be used because of the shortage of medical resources. The new buildings are all designed and prepared in strict accordance with the fire rating approval. Once there is a funding gap, the first thing to reduce is the level of fire protection facilities, causing great fire hazards. Due to the shortage of medical resources, the fire exits are seriously occupied; basically all security doors are installed for security theft; for the purpose of saving funds, the fire protection facilities and equipment will not be replaced all year round; the signs and propaganda of fire escapes are not replaced, and they are not obvious. Places; various types of equipment are increasing, and electrical lines are not updated according to load. All sorts of factors also cause the "hardware" of hospital fire safety to be congenitally deficient.

1.2 emphasis on firefighting facilities, ignoring the role of personnel

With the gradual deepening of the fire protection law, various types of fire protection facilities have been significantly improved. The management of fire protection functions in most hospitals is carried out by the Security Section. The vast majority of security personnel are not lean and lack professional training, and their practical operation capacity is insufficient. Medical and health personnel are busy with medical work, ignoring the learning of fire-fighting knowledge, chaos management at the fire safety level, confusion and blindness in the early stages of fire, and most fires have lost the best time for extinguishing. Referring to the number and requirements of fire control regulations for training staff in the hospital's central control room, most hospitals cannot be aligned. The majority of people involved in fire protection work are relatively unfair in terms of promotion, benefits, work environment, etc., causing people to float and uneasy about their work. .

1.3 Organizational Management Parallel Fire Management and Missing

Most of the hospital organization structure adopts a medical-centered parallel model. As a management department at the executive level, the security department finds problems in daily inspections, and most of them are boycotted and not enforced. The firefighting work is a complex business involving water, electricity, and weak current expertise. The department's own business capability is limited, and the relevant departments push each other or make a nuisance, so that the leaders of the competent authorities are busy coordinating with each other and do not have more energy to build a fire-fighting level. . All departments involved in firefighting matters are "respective of each other's affairs." If there is a fire, there will be no plan and no measures.

1.4 Pay attention to open fire management and despise potential fire hazards.

The hospital has a clear management system for boiler rooms, canteens, electric welding, etc., and does not take corresponding fire prevention measures for the heat dissipation of large medical devices for medical use, the maintenance of hyperbaric oxygen chambers, and the storage of laboratory alcohol stoves and medical waste. . Facts have proved that many fires are not caused by open flames, and potential fire hazards are generally ignored.

1.5 Insufficient capital investment, daily fire monitoring cannot be carried out

The hospital would rather spend millions on medical devices and would not be willing to spend tens of thousands of dollars to transform the corresponding lines; it would rather spend hundreds of thousands of dollars on renovating the hospital environment and would not want to spend thousands of dollars on installing line monitoring equipment. The annual budget for the replacement and replacement of firefighting facilities is almost non-existent, and the firefighters' business training is even more inconceivable. Most fire control rooms do not have any fire extinguishing tools, and even external telephones are not configured. The investment in firefighting funds is seriously insufficient, making it impossible for the hospital to carry out daily fire prevention work.

2 hospital fire safety risk management measures and efforts to improve direction

Hospitals as a place of intensive personnel, fire safety management should become the focus of the hospital, hospital managers only constantly adjust the management ideas, continue to increase investment in human, material and financial resources, in order to eliminate all types of fire safety violations and fire hazards, to let The people are at ease with the medical institutions.

2.1 In strict accordance with the requirements of fire safety regulations

Fire regulations are the criteria for hospital fire management and strictly guarantee fire safety in hospitals in accordance with the requirements of fire regulations. First of all, hospital leaders at all levels should pay attention to fire prevention work, take the lead in learning fire regulations, and take the lead in publicizing fire safety regulations. Secondly, according to the requirements of the fire safety regulations, the corresponding personnel shall be allocated to transform the corresponding fire protection facilities to protect people's property and goods. Third, do not arbitrarily divert firefighting facilities and block firefighting passages to ensure the normal use of various types of facilities. Fourth, the newly-built infrastructure is strictly in accordance with the approval of construction, does not reduce the level of fire protection and quality and quantity completed, the infrastructure has not been qualified by the fire department acceptance and not put into use.

2.2 Establishing a hierarchical management centered on accountability

Set up a management system with a dean, middle-level cadres, and staff as the tiers, a hierarchical responsibility system, and a hierarchical management system of “who manages, who is responsible for; who uses and who is responsible for;” and sign fire safety responsibility certificates step by step, and encounter repairs. Matters involving departments working together to maintain. Establish a daily inspection system, combine daily inspections with special inspections, strictly implement the powers and responsibilities of the construction and use of open flames, formulate corresponding special systems for fire prevention and explosion protection, and make concerted efforts to prevent and control various types of fires.

2.3 "Human-oriented" Human Resources Construction

According to the requirements of personnel allocation for fire safety regulations, personnel with professional skills and strong dedication should participate in fire prevention work, ensure the number of personnel and hold qualification certificates, and be responsible for inspections every day. The hospital shall have no less than one third party of fire protection facilities throughout the year. Authoritative testing, all types of hydropower professional and technical personnel are available to ensure the normal use of fire facilities. Education and training were included in the daily work, and the staff’s treatment was the same as that of other types of workers in the hospital.

2.4 Synchronization of firefighting facilities and medical equipment updates

Firefighting facilities and medical equipment have the same service life. They use special funds for maintenance and renewal every year. New facilities use new products as much as possible, and old facilities are eliminated year by year. While newly purchasing medical equipment, it is also possible to solicit installation suggestions from fire management departments and brainstorm ideas to avoid greater property losses caused by inadequate facilities.

2.5 Training and publicity combined group defense group strategy

Strengthen the propaganda and training of fire prevention knowledge, and frequently carry out evacuation drills and escape fire extinguishing techniques to make fire prevention knowledge deeply rooted. Using the hospital's publicity media, the related firefighting knowledge is constantly popularized. Train full-time and part-time fire safety personnel, with frequent training and regular assessments for key personnel, to improve the overall quality of fire protection for all employees, and to promote the overall fire protection capability of the hospital.

3 Conclusion

Hospital fire management work is a long-term focus. Only by continuous improvement in accordance with the requirements of the fire safety regulations, improve the responsibilities and management systems of all types of personnel, truly lead the attention of the leaders, complete fire equipment and equipment, reasonable personnel structure, and fire protection knowledge propaganda in order to achieve effective fire extinguishing, so that The personal and property safety of hospitals and patients is guaranteed.

This article comes from Fire and Safety.