In the South China Sea Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, a tropical marine environmental material corrosion test station in the South China Sea region, a variety of functional film and coating, weathering steel and other materials such as grain, placed on the roof of the roof, exposed to tropical marine climate Under the sun.
“Some good materials have to be dried for 5 to 10 years.†Wang Liping, a researcher at the Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that the “Belt and Road†was laid out in advance in the exposure field. An iron frame was particularly eye-catching, with some plaques varying degrees. The difference is that the surface it is exposed to is rusty. The iron frame appeared in the experimental field together with the sample in April this year.
“This galvanized steel anti-corrosion tower has no problem in the northern region for 40 years. It does not need to apply anti-corrosion coatings, but its life in the tropical oceans will be much lower.†Wang Liping pointed to a sea-gas flux tower, “here in the ocean atmosphere. The annual average chloride ion deposition rate is much higher than in other sea areas."
The annual average temperature is 28 °C, the steel structure temperature can reach 75 °C during the daytime, and the average annual air humidity is about 79%. Together with the high salt and high ultraviolet rays, the characteristics of the tropical ocean climate make this climate type region become corrosion. The hardest hit.
The severity of corrosion is divided into five levels from 1 to 5. "According to the atmospheric corrosion environment, here belongs to C5+, the whole 'One Belt, One Road' marine environment belongs to the highest corrosion level." Liu Shuan, Ph.D., Ningbo Institute of Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
The advance layout of the anti-corrosion materials of the Ningbo Materials of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has closely linked the sample materials of the South China Sea to the “One Belt, One Road†marine environment thousands of miles away.
According to reports, in 2014 alone, the total cost of corrosion in China exceeded 2.1 trillion yuan, accounting for 3.34% of GDP in that year. From this experimental site, you can see a severe tropical ocean development and the corrosion crisis of the “Belt and Road†infrastructure.
The infrastructure construction of countries along the “Belt and Road†is facing another problem. For example, the local power grid facilities cannot rely on substations for maintenance like the domestic power grid. Therefore, in countries along the “Belt and Road†in the tropical marine environment, corrosion protection has become a crucial factor affecting grid security.
The price is more than gold to 1 gram of 6 hair coating anti-corrosion is to block the corrosive medium (water, chloride, oxygen, etc.) and the protected substrate, but the general coating density is not high, the barrier performance can not fight the harsh tropical marine environment. Around 2008, a "blocking" master who fired around the world appeared - graphene material.
Graphene has excellent barrier and shielding properties, even the smallest gas atoms (deuterium atoms) can not penetrate, it can greatly reduce the zinc powder content of traditional epoxy zinc-rich coatings, enhance coating adhesion and impact resistance, etc. Mechanical properties. "Graphite has a barrier performance against chloride ion that is 6 to 8 times higher than that of a typical coating," said Wang Liping.
However, this material has a promotion problem - the cost of graphene is much higher than that of gold. Nowadays, the Ningbo Institute of Materials Science/Zhejiang Graphene Manufacturing Innovation Center Wang Liping team's graphene heavy-duty anti-corrosion coatings have achieved good results, which has reduced the scale of production costs. “The price of graphene used in heavy-duty anti-corrosion coatings is expected to reach 650 yuan per kilogram or even lower.†Wang Liping introduced.
The sharp drop in cost depends on the breakthrough of large-scale production by the graphene research team of Ningbo Institute of Materials Science/Zhejiang Graphene Manufacturing Innovation Center, under the strong investment of social capital and the active promotion of Ningbo Municipal Government, Ningbo Institute of Materials, Chinese Academy of Sciences In 2012, the industrialization of graphene powder and the application of technology were promoted. The price of graphene and the price of other raw materials in paints were reduced to one level, and the overall cost of coatings was solved.
"For example, the domestic good coating is about 30 yuan per kilogram. Our coating price is slightly higher than the domestic heavy-duty anti-corrosion first-line brand, far lower than the imported heavy-duty anti-corrosion coating, but its anti-corrosion effect is equivalent to that of imported." Wang Liping said .
Breaking 200 billion market monopoly When China competes for high-speed rail in Thailand, competitor Japan will put up anti-corrosion experiment data in Thailand for about 10 years. However, these data are not available in China. The lack of research in related fields has made China's anti-corrosion coatings market a foreign brand.
“80% of offshore platform coatings are imported, and the 200 billion yuan market relies on foreign brands and technologies.†Wang Liping said. This market is booming and the demand for heavy-duty anti-corrosion coatings is growing at an average annual rate of over 20%.
More importantly, the salt spray life of traditional heavy-duty coatings is generally less than 2,000 hours, and there are resource waste and environmental pollution problems, which are far from meeting the countries along the “Belt and Roadâ€, especially in the far-sea, deep-sea and high-humidity South China Sea environment. Long-term anti-corrosion and weathering safety requirements for equipment and facilities.
After more than 60 researchers from the joint team of researcher Wu Xuedong and Xue Qunji, the research and development of graphene modified heavy-duty anti-corrosion coatings has broken the monopoly of foreign brands in the corresponding market and refreshed the protection data of related fields. new record.
“We have done third-party testing in relevant departments of PetroChina, Sinopec and CNOOC. The current data is the best indicator in this field at home and abroad, and the salt spray test is over 6,000 hours,†said Wang Liping.
In fact, not only the graphene-modified heavy-duty anti-corrosion coatings, but also the coating-related technical achievements developed by the team have been successfully transformed. Wang Liping said, "Although we can't send an article, it is very important to promote the application and reliability of materials. China lacks this research."
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