The effect of fungicides on crop yield increase is increasingly recognized by farmers. However, how to effectively make fungicides work better, the author summarizes the following seven points based on practical experience:
Reasonable concentration
When spraying the fungicide, it needs to be diluted to a proper concentration with water. If the concentration is too high, it will cause phytotoxicity and waste. If the concentration is too low, it will have no effect. For some non-wettable or difficult to wet powders, add a little water, adjust the liquid into a paste, and then add water to prepare.
Select the spraying time
If the spraying time of the fungicide is too early, it will cause waste of the drug or reduce the efficacy. If it is too late, it will cause a large number of pathogens to invade the host, and even if the systemic treatment is applied, the effect will be minimal. Usually, the time of administration of the fungicide should be prior to the onset of the disease (protective use) or the initial stage of the disease (preventing it).
Master the number of medications
The spraying frequency of the bactericide is mainly determined according to the length of the residual period of the drug and the meteorological conditions. Usually spray every 10 to 15 days, a total of 2 to 3 times. In case of special circumstances, such as rain after application, it should be replenished in time. When applying a fungicide, care should be taken to consider the cost and save the medication.
Avoiding drug resistance
The long-term single use of a certain fungicide (mainly a systemic fungicide, such as dysentery) will make the pathogens resistant, making the conventional use of the drug ineffective and increasing the difficulty of prevention. In order to avoid disease resistance, it is necessary to do a good job of alternating (rotary) use of different types of drugs on the basis of scientific selection of fungicides, such as the use of systemic and traditional fungicides.
Cautious drug mix
Many bactericides are alkaline, so they can not be mixed with insecticides that are easily decomposed and decomposed by alkaline substances. For example, Bordeaux mixture and stone sulphur mixture are alkaline. They cannot be mixed with 1605, dimethoate, dichlorvos, etc. Produce a chemical reaction. Some fungicides such as carbendazim and Beauveria bassiana cannot be mixed with boricides such as Bordeaux mixture, stone sulphur mixture and thiophanate, which also cause the insecticidal (bacteria) microorganisms to lose physiological activity and insecticidal (bacteria) ability. Of course, not all fungicides can be mixed with other pesticides . A small number of fungicides can also play a synergistic role when mixed with pesticides. For example, dimethoate (neutral) mixed with alkaline bactericidal properties such as zinc or wettable sulfur or colloidal sulfur will not only affect the efficacy of the drug, but also improve the efficacy of the drug.
Improve the quality of medication
The spray quality of the bactericide includes the amount of the drug and the quality of the spray. The amount of medication should be appropriate. On the one hand, too much medication will increase the cost, on the other hand, it will easily cause phytotoxicity, while too little medication will not protect the plant parts. The quality of the medication should be exquisite. When spraying, it is required to be finely fogged and sprayed evenly. It should be sprayed on the stems of the plants and the front and back of the leaves, so as to avoid leaking.
Strictly prevent phytotoxicity
There are many reasons for the bactericide to cause phytotoxicity: First, generally the highly water-soluble agent is prone to phytotoxicity; secondly, different crops have different sensitivities to the medicinal agent, for example, Bordeaux mixture generally does not cause phytotoxicity, but is used in copper. Sensitive crop fields are prone to phytotoxicity. Beans, potatoes, and cotton are sensitive to sulphur sulphur and have a higher incidence of phytotoxicity. Finally, different stages of growth and development of crops have different responses to medicinal agents, and general seedlings and booting flowers The stage is prone to phytotoxicity. In addition, phytotoxicity and meteorological conditions such as temperature, sunshine, etc. also have a certain relationship, generally high temperature and drought, strong sunshine or fog, high humidity and other conditions can easily cause crop phytotoxicity.
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