A recent issue of the Physical Review Letters reported that scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) recently discovered the equation describing the electron transport in thermoelectrics to describe the transmission of magnons and found that if they are in a magnetic field with different magnetic susceptors, they may It moves from one end of the magnet to the other, taking away heat and producing a cooling effect. Scientists predict that magnets can be used as refrigerants in refrigerators.
It is still necessary to prove this theory through experiments and find better materials.
In a ferromagnet, local magnetic moments can rotate and align in different directions. At absolute zero, the magnetic moment is arranged so that the magnetic force produced by the magnet is the strongest; as the temperature rises, more magnetic moment spins become less synchronous and the magnetic force becomes weaker. The magnon vibrates with this temperature rise. A quasi-magnet is a quasi-particle in a magnet, which is formed by the common rotation of magnetic moments. It is also called "spin".
A magrator is much like electrons. Electrons can carry charges and heat conduction at the same time, and they can move under the influence of electric fields or temperature differences. This phenomenon is the thermoelectric effect. Scientists have been studying thermoelectric effects, such as thermoelectric generators that convert heat directly into electricity, or without any moving parts for cooling. The magnon can also move under the action of two forces: temperature difference and magnetic field. The researchers developed the Boltzmann equation for the transmission of electrons in thermoelectrics. Two new equations have been derived to describe the transmission of magnons. They can use new equations to predict the effect of magnon cooling, similar to thermoelectric cooling effects. When the magnon is in a magnetic field with a difference, it carries heat from one end of the magnet to the other.
They built models using ordinary magnetic insulators. From previous data, they collected new data input models for this material and found that when there is a mild magnetic field gradient, it can produce less cooling effect; and at low temperatures, The cooling effect is even more pronounced.
"You can suck heat from one side to the other, and essentially you can use a magnet as a chiller." The graduate student in the Department of Mechanical Engineering who participated in the study said, "You can imagine a kind of wireless cooling, put in one or two. A magnet outside the meter, or your laptop can apply a magnetic field to cool it.†According to their theory, this magnetic refrigerator does not need any moving parts, unlike a traditional refrigerator, it uses a tube. The son constantly pumps the liquid to keep it cool.
The head of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at MIT believes that the earliest applications of magnon cooling effects may be those that require wireless cooling at very low temperatures. “As far as possible, the possible applications are in cryogenic areas, such as infrared detectors, but we still need to prove this theory through experiments and look for better materials. We hope this will promote new experiments.â€
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