Talking about Fire Fighting Forces Participate in Flood Rescue and Rescue

1 Introduction

In recent years, due to the warming of the weather, extreme weather has ravaged every corner of the globe, and floods and disasters have plagued most countries. China is a country with frequent flood disasters. According to relevant statistics, the flood-affected population in China in 2013 was 1 . Of the 200 million people, 774 were killed or 374 were missing due to the disaster . 234 cities above the county level were flooded. The direct economic loss of floods and floods was 314.6 billion yuan. This article analyzes the characteristics of the flood disaster by analyzing the participation of fire-fighting forces in the flood rescue and rescue operations, and discusses the problems encountered by the fire-fighting forces in the fight against flood rescue and rescue work.

2 Causes of flood disasters and their characteristics

Flood and waterlogging disasters are a common natural disaster. They are caused by excessive or excessive concentration of water caused by heavy rain and heavy rain, resulting in disasters such as rapid watercourses, flash floods, river flooding, submergence of farmland, damage to the environment, and various facilities. Due to heavy rain, heavy rain or persistent rains flooded low-lying areas, waterlogging, not only directly cause casualties and property losses, but also cause a number of other secondary disasters such as landslides, debris flow. Flood and flood disasters involve complex situations such as wide geographical areas, large numbers of people affected by disasters, long disaster cycles, and large scope of relief. When disasters are severe, public security, medical, transportation, telecommunications, meteorology, safety supervision, and other related functional departments are required to jointly participate in joint rescue operations. The characteristics of the disasters are summarized as follows: the speed of disasters is high, the damage is large, the casualties are heavy, and the property losses are large; the secondary disasters are easily caused, the roads and bridges are damaged, and the communications and communication are interrupted; the rescue is difficult, the rescue time is long, and the scale of relief is large. There are many fighting forces.

3 Major Disposal Procedures and Measures for Flood Rescue and Rescue Work

3.1 Accurate alarm, quick response

The policemen must quickly and accurately handle the alarm, master the detailed situation of the disaster area, the number of people trapped and the amount of evacuation materials urgently needed, and whether the traffic is interrupted. In principle, the rescue shall be deployed according to the principle of a one-by-one vehicle dispatch, and the superior unit shall be promptly reported. Rescuers should bring life jackets , lifebuoys , rubber boats , assault boats, safety ropes, loudspeakers, fire hooks, shovels, big axes and power chain saws , toothless saws, hydraulic shears, stretchers, tosses, and first aid kits. , lighting equipment and other necessary rescue equipment .

Automatic inflatable life jacket

Assault boat

3.2 On-site inquiry, field reconnaissance

Rescuers should inspect and inquire insiders on the ground to understand the time of floods, floods, hazardous areas, and the conditions of the trapped people, whether the affected units, the houses had any hazardous materials, topography, landforms, etc.; look at the rivers and embankments. and whether there is a bridge collapse or dangerous burst, command post set up to ensure the safety and rescue vehicles parked.

3.3 decisive decision, scientific rescue

The on-site commander must accurately determine the situation on the site, quickly formulate a rescue plan , make sure that the emergency rescue personnel do a division work, put forward safety requirements and precautions, do a good job of personal protection , prepare rescue equipment, ensure scientific and reasonable rescue, and at the same time, Determine the route for the evacuation of disaster victims and materials, and carry out necessary on-site emergency treatment for the wounded.

3.4 Inventory personnel and security return

After the rescue mission is over, it is necessary to collect and count the combat personnel immediately to check whether there are any injured or missing persons, or to report the loss or damage of equipment and equipment. The officers and men must perform the necessary decontamination treatment of equipment and equipment, clothing and life-saving equipment after returning to the team . Do a good job of registration and report the rescue situation to relevant leaders in a timely manner.

4 Problems of Fire Fighting Forces Participating in Flood Rescue and Rescue Work

In 2013 , Songhua River had the largest flooding since 1998 , Heilongjiang had the largest flooding since 1984 , and Heilongjiang fire-fighting forces dispatched 4438 officers and men (times), dispatched 762 fire-fighting vehicles (times) to handle dangerous situations. 276 times, rescued 728 people in distress , transferred 9,369 people, and recovered economic losses of 836,641,000 yuan. Through actual combat, while the fire brigade has completed the task of flood relief, the flood relief and rescue work also exposed many problems. Mainly in the following aspects.

4.1 Severe flood disasters, officers and soldiers are not fully aware of disasters

Take Heilongjiang Province as an example. In recent years, the province has continued to see heavy rainfall. The Heilongjiang, Songhua River, and Nenjiang are mainly floods with short durations. The firefighting forces have extensive experience in fire fighting and social rescue work, and they truly fight against flood disasters. The understanding is still vague, ideologically one-sided and temporary, and the troops lack the ability to resist the long duration and floods and prepare for the work.

4.2 Inadequate water rescue training, lack of experience in water rescue for officers and soldiers

There are fewer officers and men who can swim in the army, especially the specialized training and rescue training for the northern firefighting forces. When officers and soldiers encounter complex situations on the water, their psychological quality is poor, and they feel anxious, fearful, and fearful, which affects the accuracy of judgment problems. . The inexperience of the officers and men on the water rescue team is inadequate for the operation of the life-saving equipment during rescue operations. It is impossible to properly play the role of the equipment and bring great impact on the rescue work.

4.3 The flood prevention and rescue plan has less actual combat drills, and the organization and command are not standardized

There are few actual combat drills against the flood rescue plan, and the lack of variability in weather, time, personnel, and the environment that are prone to floods on the spot is close to actual targeted training. The vast majority of front-line commanders do not have formal and systematic training and learning. There is not enough experience in the command of flood rescue and rescue organizations. Commands are more arbitrarily and irregularly, and there are even brute-force phenomena that easily lead to unsafe accidents.

4.4 The lack of effective combat support mechanism for flood rescue and rescue

There are not enough facilities for the water fire rescue training grounds and equipment of the fire brigade, and there are insufficient numbers of flood-fighting rescue equipment and equipment for the grassroots units. Most units are seriously lacking equipment such as assault boats and other water rescue equipment, and the social emergency response aid material reserve system is not yet perfect, and deployment is relatively slow. . Due to the limited capability of combat support, the damaged equipment and equipment cannot be repaired and replenished in a timely manner, which also restricts the rapid advancement of the battle to a certain extent.

4.5 The lack of knowledge about fighting against floods and the lack of safety protection

The officers and men lacked the experience of fighting floods and rescues, lacked pre-judgment of risk factors, and inadequate protection. Individual security and successful evacuation and rescue of people highlighted contradictions, and there was a phenomenon of personal heroism. Individual officers and safety consciousness, search and rescue personnel to the scene, driving assault boats, berthing, shooting rope, throw rope dock, installed engine (unloaded) and start, and to ensure personal safety and other relevant considerations master unskilled, security Did not do well.

5 Suggestions for Doing Flood Rescue and Rescue Work

We must clearly understand the dangers and problems faced by the firefighting forces when they participate in the flood rescue and rescue work, so as to sum up experience and do a good job in the following tasks to comprehensively improve the ability of the firefighting force to resist floods and rescue.

5.1 Doing a good job of the formation of the "Flood-Resistant Commando" and water training

Selecting officers and soldiers with excellent ideology, excellent professional quality, and good water quality to form flood command emergency commandos, and through training courses, strengthen the theoretical study of flood fighting and rescue knowledge and the use of boat (ship) rescue operations, water rescue and other technical tactics Training, combined with regional features, carried out on-water rescue subjects with water search, rescue, and underwater distress emergency escape as the main contents, intensified rescue tactics training for individual soldiers and squads, and effectively improved the capabilities of the troops' water area rescue.

5.2 Scientifically formulate plans for flood rescue and rescue and carry out simulation exercises

The flood rescue and rescue work involves a wide range of situations and the situation is complex. The formulation of the plan must be operable and focused. The firefighting forces at all levels must combine the geography and climatic conditions of the area where the troops are located to organize leadership, division of responsibilities, battle formation, and strength. In many aspects such as deployment, logistical support , and precautions, the officers and men of the organization are carefully and carefully studied to formulate corresponding emergency plans for rescue and rescue; attention is paid to integrating existing personnel equipment, conducting simulated practical drills, and strengthening commanders' study of typical cases. Efforts will be made to improve the command capability for handling disaster accidents.

5.3 Strengthening Reserves and Management of Flood Relief Materials and Equipment

The firefighting forces can rely on local resources to establish water rescue training grounds, increase capital investment, and strengthen the provision of rescue equipment such as assault boats and life jackets. Establish and improve the emergency relief materials system, rely on the combat support team, standardize the procurement budget and procurement list, strengthen the digital management of emergency relief supplies, and establish a self-protection mechanism. At the same time, it actively invited the government to truly incorporate fire emergency response material reserves into the emergency material reserve system and establish a year-by-year mechanism for supply of counterparts. Give full play to the role of equipment technicians and equipment administrators, strengthen the daily maintenance and overhaul of equipment and equipment, and achieve the coordination and unification of equipment construction and combat power generation.

5.4 Doing a good job of mobilizing the idea of ​​flood fighting and rescue, and strengthening the safety protection of officers and soldiers

To participate in the task of flood rescue and rescue, it is necessary to mobilize the soldiers and soldiers for the ideology of flood fighting and disaster relief, and earnestly strengthen the understanding of flood and disaster relief ideology and safety education. In the process of flood prevention and emergency rescue training and emergency rescue, all levels of firefighting forces must strictly implement the “Safety Requirements for Battle Training of Public Security Fire Fighting Forces”, earnestly implement various safety measures, and formulate and improve the necessary injury prevention and prevention in fighting floods and disasters. The accidental self-rescue measures such as disease prevention and electric shock prevention have implemented measures such as the establishment of an emergency aversion plan, the establishment of a security guard post, and scientific rescue and emergency treatment to effectively ensure the safety of rescue officers and soldiers.

5.5 Do a good job of information security in the flood season, and carry out rescue work under the unified leadership of the local government

During the flood season, all officers and soldiers of the public security fire brigade should actively seek the unified leadership of the local party committee and government and the public security organs, strengthen contact with the local flood control and drought relief headquarters and the meteorological department, and keep abreast of the information concerning flood control, river courses, roads, and floods. Strengthen the cooperation with local flood rescue and rescue organizations and establish a quick-response, effective synergistic social linkage mechanism to improve the ability to resist floods.

6 Conclusion

In recent years, floods and floods have occurred frequently in China, and they have taken the lead in all kinds of natural disasters, causing huge losses to people's lives and property. Therefore, the importance of flood rescue and rescue work is becoming more and more prominent, and fire fighting troops are the pioneers of rescue missions. The team must carefully analyze the situation, actively study countermeasures, and guide the improvement of the social rescue and rescue linkage mechanism so as to constantly enhance the ability of the fire-fighting force to resist floods and rescue, and provide reliable security guarantees for social and economic development and the people’s happy life.

The information in this article comes from the Internet and was reorganized and edited by China Rescue Equipment Network.