Product development of corn fiber and cashmere blended yarn

In recent years, the competition in the textile industry has become increasingly fierce. In response to this situation, the company is constantly striving to develop and produce new products, corn fiber and cashmere fiber blend products in order to improve competitiveness, adapt to market demand and social development needs. It is one of the series. Taking the 18.5tex knitting yarn blended with corn fiber and cashmere fiber 50/50 as an example, the spinning production process is described as follows.

1 Raw material characteristics

1.1 corn fiber

Corn fiber is a new type of eco-friendly fiber. Corn fiber is a lactic acid produced by fermentation of corn starch. It is polymerized and spun to produce polylactic acid fiber. The fiber can be biodegraded and can be decomposed into carbon dioxide and water by microorganisms in soil or water. Under photosynthesis, it will be formed. Starting from raw starch, it has great potential for development. The fabric developed by the fiber has a strong light sensation, a fluffy hand, and good taking performance, and is particularly suitable for developing underwear, T-shirts and the like. The main characteristics of the fiber: fineness 1.4dtex, length 38mm. Strong flame retardant, non-toxic, anti-pilling, moisture wicking.

1.2 cashmere fiber

Cashmere is a rare special animal fiber and a precious textile material. Cashmere is the fluff that is combed from goats. It is called "fibre diamond" and "soft gold" in foreign countries. It is the finest of animal fibers, and its fineness is generally between 13-1.55 μm. The natural curling degree is high, and the arrangement is tight in the spinning manufacturing, and the cohesion is good, so the warmth is 1.5 to 2 times that of the wool. The outer scale of the fiber is small and smooth, and there is an air layer in the middle of the fiber, so that the weight is light and the hand feel is good.

2 process and main process

2.1 Preparation process

Since both corn fiber and cashmere fiber are easy to generate static electricity, anti-static measures should be taken during the spinning process, especially the cashmere fiber should be properly treated before spinning, and the emulsion should be sprayed on the fiber to improve the cashmere. The flexibility of the fiber to avoid excessive damage in the spinning; on the other hand, reduce friction and reduce the generation of static electricity.

2.2 Process

According to the characteristics of the two fibers, cotton bales are mixed in the production process. The specific process is as follows:

A002D type disc catching cotton→A035B type mixed opener→FAl06 type opener→machine A092A double cotton box feeding machine→A076C single hitting machine→A186D type carding machine→FA302 type draw frame→FA302 type Machine → A456C roving machine → A513W spinning machine → 1332MD winder → package.

2.3 Main process technology analysis

2.3.1 Opening process

In view of the common characteristics of the two fibers containing less impurities, as well as the low moisture regain of corn fiber and low melting point, the process of “less hitting, loosening, and less impurities” was adopted in the opening process. In principle, strengthen the mixing effect to avoid chromatic aberration, and consider the impact of too many neps caused by the returning of the flowers. Therefore, when arranging the process, try to reduce the number of single machines, and use high-performance single machines such as A035B to reduce the hit points in the process. Use a lower speed of the beater, such as skipping the A035B porcupine beater, or using a comb to beat the hand, so as to ensure the opening effect, while reducing the returning phenomenon and fiber damage. Due to the use of the mixture, it is necessary to pay attention to the horizontal crossover when the upper bag is wrapped, the longitudinal direction is staggered, the height is filled, and the blending ratio is not excessively large. The main process parameters are: tamping volume 410g/m, needle punching speed 540r/min.

2.3.2 Carding process

In this process, the gauge between the combing elements must be properly adjusted (generally to be a little larger) to avoid the phenomenon of crowding. Because once the car is squeezed, the corn fiber will form a tow or block; and the speed of the combing element is appropriately reduced, and the line speed ratio of the cylinder and the licker roll is increased, thereby ensuring that the fiber is moderately combed and the cashmere fiber is ensured. Smooth transfer, prevent fiber from filling the carding area and improve the clarity of the cotton net. The main process parameters of the carding process are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Main process parameters of carding process

2.3.3 Parallel process

This process adopts the process measures of “heavy pressurization, large gauge, reasonable tension traction, full consolidation, anti-wrap, anti-blocking”, and the use of cis-drawing, the rear draw ratio of the headline is appropriately increased to facilitate the process. Improve the straightness and parallelness of the fibers to improve the quality of the cooked strips. The self-developed anti-static device is used to reduce the occurrence of static electricity. The main process parameters are shown in Table 2.

Table 2 Main process parameters

2.3.4 roving process

In order to reduce the accidental drafting, under the premise that the spun yarn does not have a hard head, try to increase the twist coefficient of the roving, and at the same time control the tension of the roving, the roller gauge is appropriately increased, and the jaw spacing is appropriately reduced to increase the roving strip. Dry evenness. The main process parameters are shown in Table 3.

Table 3 main technical parameters of roving

2.3.5 Spinning process

In order to control the gauze plating, on the basis of the large gauge and heavy pressurization process, the matching between the roving twist coefficient and the draw ratio of the rear section of the spun yarn is preferred, and the low hardness and high elastic skin roller is selected, and the steel wire ring is spun. The cotton is slightly heavier to control the balloon and reduce the yarn hairiness. The main process parameters are shown in Table 4.

Table 4 main technical parameters of the spun yarn

2.3.6 Winding process

Because the elasticity of corn fiber is very good, when winding, the tension must be small, and the density should be low. Otherwise, the tube will be difficult to pull out. In addition, the yarn passage must be kept clean, and the electric cleaning parameters should be set so that the quality of the finished yarn can meet the requirements of the customer.

3 finished product quality

After a series of technical measures, the quality of the PLA/ cashmere 50/50 18.5tex knitting yarn produced by the company has reached the design quantity, and its various indicators are shown in Table 5.

Table 5 Corn fiber / cashmere 50/50 18.5tex yarn detection index

4 Conclusion

The successful trial production of corn fiber and cashmere fiber blended knitting yarns has made us deeply understand that as an increasingly competitive textile market, simply strengthening corporate management is only one aspect of increasing efficiency, and truly occupying a place in the fierce market. It is necessary to continuously develop new products with high technology content and high added value. Only in this way can we continuously improve market competitiveness, and enterprise development can have the potential for lasting vitality and long-term development.

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