Power cables are cables used for transmission and distribution of electrical energy. Power cables are often used in urban underground power grids, outgoing lines of power stations, internal power supply for industrial and mining enterprises, and power transmission lines under the sea.
Structure of power cable 1) Conductor (or conductive core):
Its role is to conduct current. There are solid and stranded points. Materials include copper, aluminum, silver, copper-clad steel, aluminum-clad steel, etc. The main use is copper and aluminum. Copper has much better electrical conductivity than aluminum.
2) Fireproof layer:
Only fire-resistant cables have this structure. Its role is that the cable can withstand a certain period of time in a fire, giving more time for electricity to escape.
3) Insulation:
Covered outside the conductor, its function is to isolate the conductor, withstand the corresponding voltage, and prevent current leakage. There are many kinds of insulating materials, some require a small dielectric coefficient to reduce the loss, some require a flame-retardant performance or high temperature resistance, and some require that the cable will not generate or generate smoke or harmful gases when burning, there are The requirements are oil and corrosion resistant, while others require softness.
4) Shield:
Outside the insulating layer, the role of the outer sheath is to limit the electric field and electromagnetic interference. For different types of cables, shielding materials are not the same, are: copper braid, winding copper wire, Aluminum Wire (alloy wire) braided, copper, aluminum, aluminum (steel) plastic tape, strip or the like wrap Vertical packages.
5) Fill layer:
The function of the filling is mainly to make the cable round and stable in structure, and the filling of some cables also plays a role in blocking water and fire. The main materials are polypropylene ropes, glass fiber ropes, asbestos ropes, and rubbers. There are many types, but one of the main performance requirements is non-hygroscopic material, and of course it cannot conduct electricity.
6) Inner sheath:
The role of the inner sheath is to protect the insulated core from being damaged by the armor or shield. The inner sheath has several forms such as extruding, winding and longitudinal wrapping. The use of extruded wraps for high demands requires low wrap or wrap formats.
7) Armored layer:
The role of the armor layer is to protect the cable from being damaged by external forces. The most common are steel tape armor and steel wire armor, aluminum tape armor, stainless steel tape armor, and so on. The main role of steel strip armor is compression, steel armor is mainly used for tensile. According to the size of the cable, the thickness of the steel strip used for armoring is different. This is stipulated in each cable standard.
8) Outer cover:
The component that protects the outermost layer of the cable. There are three main categories: plastics, rubbers, and metals. Among them, the most commonly used plastics are polyvinyl chloride plastics, polyethylene plastics, and flame-retardant, low-smoke, low-halogen, low-smoke, and halogen-free types.
Cable insulation materials can be divided into oil-impregnated paper-insulated power cables, plastic insulated power cables, rubber insulated power cables. Can be divided according to the voltage level, the low voltage power cable (35 kV and less), high-voltage cable (110 kV or more), extra high voltage cables (275 to 800 kV) and high voltage cable Laid (1000 kV and more). In addition, it can also be divided into AC and DC cables by current.
<br> <br> plastic insulated power cable insulating layer of extruded plastic power cable. Commonly used plastics are polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, cross-linked polyethylene. The plastic cable has a simple structure, is convenient to manufacture and process, light in weight, easy to install and install, and is not limited by laying gaps. Therefore, it is widely used as a medium and low voltage cable and has a tendency to replace the adhesive impregnated oil paper cable. Its biggest drawback is the presence of dendritic breakdown, which limits its use at higher voltages. Polyvinyl chloride power cables are low in price and widely used, but have large dielectric loss and are generally used in systems with operating voltages below 10 kV. Polyethylene power cables are excellent in electrical properties and can be used in higher voltage systems. However, the working temperature is low (only about 70°C) and the corona-resistant performance is poor. With proper formulation, the operating temperature can be increased to 80°C and dendritic breakdown can be suppressed. Polyethylene power cables that have been made so far have a working voltage of 285 kV. The cross-linked polyethylene power cable is a process in which the extruded polyethylene insulation layer is subjected to a cross-linking process, and the polyethylene molecules are changed from linear molecules to network-structured molecules. Crosslinked polyethylene cable operating temperature can be increased to 90 ~ 130 °C, the voltage has reached 400 kV, the mechanical strength is also increased accordingly. China has been able to produce 110 kV crosslinked polyethylene cables. A cross-linked polyethylene power cable having a rating of 110 kilovolts or less has a tendency to replace oil-impregnated paper-insulated power cables.
<br> <br> rubber insulated power cable insulating layer is a rubber plus various additives, after sufficiently kneading the conductive wire heart extruded, vulcanized after heating. It is soft, flexible and suitable for applications where frequent movements and small bending radii are required. Therefore, they are often used as mining cables, marine cables, mining machines, and X-ray machines. Its structural characteristics are that the core is stranded with multiple finer filaments and the stranding pitch is smaller. Commonly used as insulation material of natural rubber - styrene-butadiene rubber mixture, ethylene propylene rubber, butyl rubber and so on.
Structure of power cable 1) Conductor (or conductive core):
Its role is to conduct current. There are solid and stranded points. Materials include copper, aluminum, silver, copper-clad steel, aluminum-clad steel, etc. The main use is copper and aluminum. Copper has much better electrical conductivity than aluminum.
2) Fireproof layer:
Only fire-resistant cables have this structure. Its role is that the cable can withstand a certain period of time in a fire, giving more time for electricity to escape.
3) Insulation:
Covered outside the conductor, its function is to isolate the conductor, withstand the corresponding voltage, and prevent current leakage. There are many kinds of insulating materials, some require a small dielectric coefficient to reduce the loss, some require a flame-retardant performance or high temperature resistance, and some require that the cable will not generate or generate smoke or harmful gases when burning, there are The requirements are oil and corrosion resistant, while others require softness.
4) Shield:
Outside the insulating layer, the role of the outer sheath is to limit the electric field and electromagnetic interference. For different types of cables, shielding materials are not the same, are: copper braid, winding copper wire, Aluminum Wire (alloy wire) braided, copper, aluminum, aluminum (steel) plastic tape, strip or the like wrap Vertical packages.
5) Fill layer:
The function of the filling is mainly to make the cable round and stable in structure, and the filling of some cables also plays a role in blocking water and fire. The main materials are polypropylene ropes, glass fiber ropes, asbestos ropes, and rubbers. There are many types, but one of the main performance requirements is non-hygroscopic material, and of course it cannot conduct electricity.
6) Inner sheath:
The role of the inner sheath is to protect the insulated core from being damaged by the armor or shield. The inner sheath has several forms such as extruding, winding and longitudinal wrapping. The use of extruded wraps for high demands requires low wrap or wrap formats.
7) Armored layer:
The role of the armor layer is to protect the cable from being damaged by external forces. The most common are steel tape armor and steel wire armor, aluminum tape armor, stainless steel tape armor, and so on. The main role of steel strip armor is compression, steel armor is mainly used for tensile. According to the size of the cable, the thickness of the steel strip used for armoring is different. This is stipulated in each cable standard.
8) Outer cover:
The component that protects the outermost layer of the cable. There are three main categories: plastics, rubbers, and metals. Among them, the most commonly used plastics are polyvinyl chloride plastics, polyethylene plastics, and flame-retardant, low-smoke, low-halogen, low-smoke, and halogen-free types.
Cable insulation materials can be divided into oil-impregnated paper-insulated power cables, plastic insulated power cables, rubber insulated power cables. Can be divided according to the voltage level, the low voltage power cable (35 kV and less), high-voltage cable (110 kV or more), extra high voltage cables (275 to 800 kV) and high voltage cable Laid (1000 kV and more). In addition, it can also be divided into AC and DC cables by current.
<br> <br> plastic insulated power cable insulating layer of extruded plastic power cable. Commonly used plastics are polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, cross-linked polyethylene. The plastic cable has a simple structure, is convenient to manufacture and process, light in weight, easy to install and install, and is not limited by laying gaps. Therefore, it is widely used as a medium and low voltage cable and has a tendency to replace the adhesive impregnated oil paper cable. Its biggest drawback is the presence of dendritic breakdown, which limits its use at higher voltages. Polyvinyl chloride power cables are low in price and widely used, but have large dielectric loss and are generally used in systems with operating voltages below 10 kV. Polyethylene power cables are excellent in electrical properties and can be used in higher voltage systems. However, the working temperature is low (only about 70°C) and the corona-resistant performance is poor. With proper formulation, the operating temperature can be increased to 80°C and dendritic breakdown can be suppressed. Polyethylene power cables that have been made so far have a working voltage of 285 kV. The cross-linked polyethylene power cable is a process in which the extruded polyethylene insulation layer is subjected to a cross-linking process, and the polyethylene molecules are changed from linear molecules to network-structured molecules. Crosslinked polyethylene cable operating temperature can be increased to 90 ~ 130 °C, the voltage has reached 400 kV, the mechanical strength is also increased accordingly. China has been able to produce 110 kV crosslinked polyethylene cables. A cross-linked polyethylene power cable having a rating of 110 kilovolts or less has a tendency to replace oil-impregnated paper-insulated power cables.
<br> <br> rubber insulated power cable insulating layer is a rubber plus various additives, after sufficiently kneading the conductive wire heart extruded, vulcanized after heating. It is soft, flexible and suitable for applications where frequent movements and small bending radii are required. Therefore, they are often used as mining cables, marine cables, mining machines, and X-ray machines. Its structural characteristics are that the core is stranded with multiple finer filaments and the stranding pitch is smaller. Commonly used as insulation material of natural rubber - styrene-butadiene rubber mixture, ethylene propylene rubber, butyl rubber and so on.
Welded Wire Mesh
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