How to supplement calcium in farmland vegetables

Calcium is an indispensable element in the growth and development of vegetable crops. Because calcium is an inactive element, there is very little movement of calcium in the phloem, and the downward movement of calcium in the roots is limited. Generally, the young leaves and young tissues are in the middle of the fruit. Easy to lack calcium. It is characterized by new parts of the plant such as apical buds, root hair growth stagnation, atrophy and death, new leaves adhesion, can not be normally unfolded, new leaves often open, incomplete parts; plants are short and soft, short internodes; the top of the fruit is prone to depression, Black browning necrosis; growth point necrosis when severe calcium deficiency.

Calcium deficiency in vegetables, first, low effective calcium content in soil; or high soil salt content, inhibiting the absorption of water and calcium by roots; or strong acidity of soil, affecting the effectiveness of calcium, is not conducive to the absorption of calcium by vegetables; or Soil drought increases soil solution concentration, reduces root water absorption, thereby inhibiting calcium absorption; or soil tillage layer is shallow, over-sand, resulting in poor water retention and fertility, causing calcium loss; or soil is too sticky, calcium activity is poor, not Conducive to crop absorption and so on. The second is partial nitrogen application, because there is an antagonistic effect between nitrogen and calcium, and excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer, thereby reducing the effectiveness of calcium in the soil. In addition, water supply disorders, root injury can also cause calcium deficiency in vegetables.

So, how should the calcium deficiency of vegetables be “filled up”? The first is to apply decomposed organic fertilizer and base fertilizer to supplement calcium. Organic fertilizers are rich in nutrients, can improve soil physical structure and chemical properties, improve soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, reduce drought damage, and promote the absorption of calcium and other nutrients. At the same time, the decomposed organic fertilizer can avoid damage to the root system. Generally, 2000-3000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer is applied per mu, and 30-50 kg of superphosphate is added. The second is to rationally apply lime and change the soil. Lime is a commonly used calcium fertilizer. Applying lime on acidic soils is beneficial to increase soil pH, improve soil structure, and also reduce disease, increase crop yield and improve quality. The amount of lime applied is related to soil type, pH, and crop type. Generally, 40 to 80 kg of quicklime or slaked lime per acre is suitable. The amount of lime in the sand soil should be appropriately reduced. When used for soil improvement, 150 to 250 kg per acre should be applied. The third is deep cultivation and mulching cultivation. Deep ploughing can fully mature the soil, improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, enhance the ability of water retention and fertilizer conservation; use mulching to maintain the relative stability of soil moisture and reduce the loss of calcium.

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