In order to ensure the quality of raw materials, feed enterprises can adopt the principle of “separation of three powers†​​in the procurement process: the technical department determines the types of raw materials to be used, and mainly focuses on the technical department, and jointly develops raw material testing methods and quality standards with the quality control department. “Legislative powerâ€; the quality control department identifies the raw materials according to the standards, exercises “judicial powerâ€, and is responsible for organizing the technical and procurement departments to evaluate the raw material suppliers and determine the qualified suppliers; the purchasing department is responsible for the qualified suppliers. Implement raw material procurement, exercise “administrative powerâ€, and cooperate with the quality control department to conduct daily management of suppliers and coordinate the relationship between quality control department and suppliers. This realizes the management profession, promotes and supervises each other, ensures the timely, accurate, quality and quantity of feed ingredients and reasonable cost performance.
1 Establish an evaluation system for qualified suppliers
The evaluation of qualified suppliers is one of the most important aspects of controlling the quality of raw materials. The supplier's evaluation system should include qualification review, field visits, credibility survey, comprehensive evaluation, and regular evaluation.
1.1 Qualification review
Focus on understanding the scale, development history, honor, strength, culture, product categories, and technical personnel of the company to preliminarily determine the production management level and product quality of the enterprise. View documents such as business licenses, production and operation licenses, product approvals, product implementation standards, product inspection certificates, product labels, etc., to verify whether their products are legally produced, and whether their production technologies and products meet national or industry requirements. At the same time, check the quality system certification (including ISO quality management system certification, HACCP certification, etc.). The raw material supplier is preferably the manufacturer or the first-level distributor (agent).
1.2 Field visit
It is necessary for feed enterprises to conduct on-site inspections of raw materials, processing equipment and processes, quality management and control measures, testing equipment, production and testing records, supply capacity, etc. used by raw material manufacturers, and on-site sampling (half with each manufacturer), The results of the test are compared with the test results of the manufacturer to prove whether the product meets the standard and at the same time verify the accuracy of the test. It is recommended to communicate with the quality control personnel, technicians, production and sales personnel of the company to understand the sense of responsibility, technical level, quality control level and product sales of the company personnel. Product safety and nutritional levels can be assessed on unconventional materials if necessary.
1.3 Reputation survey
Consult with local feed and business management departments, understand the production and quality management of relevant enterprises, request quality sampling reports, investigate customer's response to product quality, and evaluate the market credibility of enterprises and products.
1.4 Comprehensive evaluation
In the supplier's choice, the most common is to use the linear weight model, that is, determine the criteria on which the supplier is selected in advance, each standard determines an appropriate weight, and then comprehensively processes to obtain a total score, after sorting and evaluation. select. While fully reflecting the supplier information, the number of selected indicators should be as concise and precise as possible, and too many indicator systems can not reflect the key content. The correlation between each indicator should not be too strong, and there should not be too much overlapping information. The total score reaches a certain score as a qualified supplier, and then the supplier's grade is discharged according to the score, for reference by various departments. At the same time, the procurement plan can be drawn up and submitted to the person in charge of the enterprise for approval. For the same raw materials, when producing piglets, breeding pigs, chicks, and chicken stocks, it is best to choose a supplier with a high score to ensure the quality of the feed. On the contrary, under the premise of little impact on feed quality and growth (production) performance, it is possible to purchase raw materials with low scores and qualified suppliers, and try to save raw material costs.
1.5 Regular evaluation of
Regular evaluation refers to the scientific evaluation of suppliers according to the supplier's supply within a certain period of time. If the packaging is consistent with the inspection, whether the quality of the delivered product meets the standard, whether the inspection result of the purchaser is consistent with the inspection result of the supplier, the reaction speed and the fairness of the treatment after the problem occurs. If the quality of the raw materials cannot be guaranteed, it is necessary to promptly trace, suspend or cancel the supplier qualification. Suppliers who are supplying for the first time must be carefully examined, and suppliers who perform well and cooperate for a long period of time generally conduct 1-2 qualifications and inspection indicators every year. At the same time, in order to improve the traceability of raw material quality and stable supply channels, the supplier's file should be established. A supplier establishes a case file, and suppliers of different types of raw materials need to be classified.
2 Strengthening supplier management
In general, it is our ideal goal to establish a raw material supply chain that is relatively stable and competitive, with supply guarantee and quality assurance capabilities. Through supplier management, improving the reliability and flexibility of its supply, shortening the delivery cycle, and increasing the frequency of delivery, the company can shorten the production cycle, increase production efficiency, reduce inventory, and increase the ability to respond to market demand. In addition to directly involved in the raw material link, it is also possible to introduce modern supply chain management theory and find strategic alliances with suppliers that match with them on a global scale. This will improve the stability of raw material supply and reduce procurement costs (such as repeated inquiry and negotiation). , ordering procedures, inspection procedures, etc.), it is essential to increase the procurement efficiency. Therefore, we should make efforts to gradually transform the simple trading relationship into a strategic partnership between the two parties, from competitive procurement to strategic procurement. Traditional suppliers provide raw materials, and suppliers of strategic partnerships need to provide all aspects of raw materials, services, technology and knowledge. The relationship between the two parties is transformed from the previous unilateral relationship to the current bilateral relationship. Therefore, companies should incorporate supplier management into their own production and operation processes, and regard procurement and supplier activities as an integral part of their own supply chain.
Benign procurement activities require the understanding, support and cooperation of the supplier. Therefore, it is necessary to educate and train suppliers on corporate culture. At the same time, we must also increase the supplier's satisfaction with the company so that suppliers can supply high-quality raw materials. Since the two sides establish a long-term strategic cooperation relationship, the company can adopt: a mechanism for joint development of new products/new technologies; streamline the number of suppliers, enhance the trust between the two parties; and provide appropriate support and assistance to important suppliers. Establish a clear system of rewards and punishments.
Reward and punishment system for suppliers: If the comprehensive evaluation does not reach the score line, it shall not be purchased from the manufacturer. If the license expires, the purchase is suspended. Suspension of purchases where the quality of the products is not up to standard is found, the reasons are identified, and the purchases are made after rectification. In regular evaluations and spot checks, there are problems within the deadline for rectification. Anytime found to be adulterated and found to have prohibited substances, immediately cancel the supplier qualification. It is necessary to pay attention to the use of punishment means not too often, otherwise it will lose its meaning. The supplier can complete the task under the premise of quality and quantity, and combined with its comprehensive rating, it can increase the order quantity or give value reward.
3 procurement of feed ingredients
The scientific and rational procurement of feed ingredients is a systematic and complicated project, because the company does not simply pursue the lowest price of unit feed ingredients in the procurement process, but the unity of raw material quality and reasonable price. In general, in order to purchase feed ingredients, it is necessary to formulate reasonable procurement standards, scientific value procurement strategies, reasonable evaluation of procurement personnel, and control of other key resources related to raw materials.
3.1 The development of procurement standards
The technical department, the quality control department, and the procurement department personnel need to collect the latest quality standards and testing methods of feed ingredients at home and abroad in a timely manner, and formulate reasonable acceptance standards for raw materials. Corn should focus on controlling the ratio of moisture, bulk density, mold, broken grain and impurities; wheat controls moisture and bulk density; bran controls freshness and protein composition; soybean meal focuses on crude protein, protein solubility, urease activity and adulterated ingredients; The main focus of the dish is crude protein and adulterated ingredients; the focus of fishmeal is sensory, crude protein, true protein, volatile amino nitrogen, histamine, salt and doping; other animal feeds focus on sensory, crude protein and microorganism. The standard should be determined not to be too strict or too loose, too strict will increase the cost of the product, too loose will lose the meaning of standard setting. Technicians should pay special attention to new testing items and new rapid testing methods for raw materials, and turn those methods that are effective into their own standards, so that the quality of raw materials can be well controlled.
3.2 Scientific value procurement strategy
To develop a scientific value procurement strategy, it is necessary to strengthen the collection, analysis and analysis of procurement information, establish an overall cost analysis of its own, supplier evaluation, market evaluation, etc., so as to provide a complete information database for procurement work.
The purchasing department should pay attention to the work of information, establish a professional information team, and timely grasp the quality and output information of feed ingredients at home and abroad. Relevant associations and government departments at home and abroad will timely release the raw material output and quality forecasts for the year. Some consulting companies and websites, futures markets, upstream and international grain traders and processors can also obtain important information. Feed companies should collect this information in a timely manner to provide the necessary basis for the correct procurement decisions for raw materials.
In terms of the management of specific businesses, procurement personnel should adhere to the principle of “macro-consistent, specialized division of laborâ€, and have to communicate with each other on the global and national economic background, the global fundamentals and long-term trends of major varieties. Maintain macro consistency. It is necessary to maintain a highly specialized division of labor in the micro-operation of various varieties, so that the technical advantages of different personnel can be exerted.
3.3 Assessment of procurement personnel
If the company lacks a scientific procurement performance evaluation system, the procurement performance will not be reflected, and the enthusiasm of the procurement staff will inevitably decrease. But frankly, the quantitative assessment of procurement staff is not easy to implement.
From the short-term goal, feed enterprises need to cultivate a procurement team with professional skills. The procurement personnel should have basic knowledge and skills to identify the quality of raw materials, including familiarity with raw material traits and ability to identify adulteration. The full play of the quality control function of procurement personnel can enable feed enterprises to better and more effectively control the quality variation of raw materials. From the long-term goal, procurement personnel should have strong professional quality, professional knowledge, trade knowledge, quality identification of feed ingredients, cost measurement ability of feed ingredients, cost performance of the same raw materials, substitution factors and limiting factors of raw materials, Comprehensive skills such as teamwork. These make the performance appraisal standards for procurement personnel more complicated.
3.4 Other key resources related to raw materials
In addition to the value of raw materials, other factors such as transportation costs, ease of transportation, timeliness, handling and handling costs, and storage costs are increasing in the overall cost of raw materials. Sometimes these factors have the same impact on raw material procurement as the raw materials themselves. Therefore, while paying attention to the raw material resources themselves, procurement management should also pay attention to the resources related to the procurement operating costs, such as railway transportation, ports, terminals, storage facilities, and ocean logistics. For these factors, we must put more energy into operation or control from the perspective of long-term interests and stable operation of the enterprise. For example, the participation and control of terminals, ports, and the control of important storage facilities will allow us to purchase and acquire raw materials. The aspect takes the lead.
4 raw material control
The quality control of feed ingredients mainly includes on-site quality control of raw materials, laboratory testing and analysis, and quality inspection during raw material inventory. The on-site quality control of feed ingredients is the first quality inspection procedure for raw materials entering the feed enterprise. It is easy to operate and quick to respond, but it also requires on-site quality control personnel to have good professionalism and responsibility. Due to the limitations of sensory identification, the quality indicators of most raw materials, especially those reflecting nutritional characteristics and safety characteristics, are required to be completed by professional testing equipment. Therefore, setting a reasonable laboratory physical and chemical indicators testing project has important practical significance. Laboratory testing needs to be equipped with testing and testing equipment to meet the requirements, and to carry out new fast and effective quality project testing. The rapid detection method enables enterprises to grasp the raw material quality information in a timely manner and make purchasing decisions and adjustments in a timely manner, which is a very effective quality control method. In recent years, attention can be paid to the rapid detection and analysis of near-infrared spectroscopy and in vitro biomimetic digestion. To monitor the change of raw material quality during storage, it is necessary to pay attention to the quality of raw materials stored for too long, especially in the high temperature and high humidity season, based on the full understanding of the types, quantities and quality of raw materials. The impact on the quality of raw materials is more pronounced. The raw material samples for each step must be kept, kept in a safe place, and registered in detail for traceability.
The quality control personnel must strictly abide by the job standards and responsibilities formulated by the feed enterprises, conduct inspection and acceptance of the feed ingredients in accordance with the acceptance criteria and procedures, and implement the responsibility system of “who accepts who is responsible†to ensure the quality of the feed ingredients.
5 raw materials storage and storage
When the warehouse is in the warehouse, the raw material name, specification, quantity, weight, production date, supplier, production unit, packaging, label, etc. should be carefully checked. It should be consistent with the supply agreement. The raw material packaging is intact and has no moisture. Insects and detailed registration. Partition, classification, and staging. The use and stacking of feed ingredients is based on the principle of “first in, first out†to prevent the waste of feed ingredients from being expired. Untested raw materials to be inspected (yellow card), raw materials (green cards), and unqualified raw materials may be used to disable (red cards).
The floor and walls of the raw material storehouse should be treated with moisture. The temperature of the storehouse should be below 30 degrees in summer, and the relative humidity should not exceed 75%. It should be ventilated, dry, heat-insulated, without rat holes, avoiding light, and not leaking rain. Boxed and bagged raw materials should be stored on the floor with moisture-proof layer, and the tray should be padded underneath to reduce the temperature difference between feed and wall and floor, prevent the condensation of raw materials or excessive local moisture, causing mold and deterioration. There should be a passage for ventilation and inspection in the daytime, reservoir wall and material, and a certain proportion of warehouse operation space should be reserved as needed. Most feeds lose some of their vitamins after long-term storage. Therefore, the feed should not be stored for too long. For some of the agglomerates, heat, and slightly odorous materials should be immediately heat-dissipated and conditionally extruded. For feed ingredients that have been mildly mildewed, a special mycotoxin adsorbent may be added during use or a certain amount of zeolite powder, clay or the like may be added for adsorption of the toxin.
Fire Rated Doors,Residential Fire Rated Doors,Fireproof Door,Fire Resistant Door
Foshan QI'AN Fireproof Shutter Doors Co., Ltd , https://www.fsqianfiredoor.com