"Home decoration lectures - design and process part"

First, the design principles of home decoration:
(I) Principle of the protection structure
1. The structure that cannot be changed in the decoration
2. Distinguish between load-bearing wall and non-bearing wall
3. Load capacity of housing and material selection for decoration
4. Other issues that should be noted in the protection structure
(B) Adhere to the principle of individuality
l. Decoration performance
2. How to correctly display the decoration personality
3. Highlight personalities and overall harmony
(c) Economic and practical principles
1. Do not promote overdraft decoration
2. Do not promote luxury decoration
3. The performance of practical decoration
4. The grade of decoration
5. Reasonable Arrangement of Renovation Funds II. Color Design of Home Renovation (I) Fundamental Principles of Color Application
1. Classification of colors
2. Collocation of colors
3. The color transition
4. Selection of Colors (II) Color Design and Application in Different Areas
Bedroom color
2. Kitchen color
3. The color of the restaurant
4. The color of the living room
5. The color of the study
6. The color of the bathroom
7. Colors of recreational areas 3. Selection and use of wall wood
1. Characteristics of wall wood
2. Classification of wall wood
3. Quality evaluation of wall wood
4. Analysis of Wall Wood Price IV. Selection and Use of Wood Finishing Paint
1. Features of Wood Finishing Paint
2. Classification of wood finishes
3. Base treatment of wood finish paint
4. Wood finish paint
5. Price analysis of wood finishes
6. Maintenance and Repair of Wood Finishes 5. Selection and Use of Ceramic Wall Tiles
1. The characteristics of ceramic wall tiles
2. Types and specifications of ceramic wall tiles
3. Quality appraisal of ceramic wall tiles
4. Adhesive types of ceramic wall tiles
5. Substrate treatment of ceramic wall tiles
6. Ceramic wall tiles before the paste processing
7. Paste of ceramic wall tiles
8. Price analysis of ceramic wall tiles
9. Maintenance and repair of ceramic wall tiles VI. Selection and use of wall coverings
1. The characteristics of wall covering
2. Classification of wall cloth
3. Basic treatment of wall-paper paste
4. Paste the wall cloth
5. Analysis of the price of wall coverings
6. Maintenance and repair of wall coverings 7. Selection and use of light steel keel partition walls
1. Features of light steel keel partition walls
2. Types of light steel keel
3. Kinds of paper plasterboard
4. Installation of light steel dragon skeleton
5. Installation of plasterboard
6. Installation of Light Steel Keel Shaped Partition Walls
7. Price analysis of light steel keel partition wall 8. Selection and use of latex paint
1. Features of latex paint
2. The performance of latex paint
3. Quality Appraisal of Latex Paint
4. Primer treatment with latex paint
5 latex paint brushing method
6. Price analysis of latex paint
7. Maintenance and repair of latex paint wall 9. Selection and use of glass materials
1. Characteristics of glass materials
2. Classification of glass materials
3. Quality evaluation of glass materials
4. Transportation of glass materials
5. Installation of glass materials
6. Price analysis of glass materials
7. Maintenance and Repair of Glass Materials 10. Selection and Use of Decorative Wall Decorative Panels
1. The characteristics of the decorative wall panels
2. Classification of wall decorative panels
3. Quality appraisal of wall decorative panels
4. Use of protective wall decorative plates
5. Analysis of the price of wall decorative panels
6. Maintenance and Repair of Decorative Wall Decorative Panels 11. Selection and Use of Wallpapers
1. The characteristics of wallpaper
2. Classification of wallpaper
3. The choice of wallpaper
4. Wallpaper Paste Processing
5. Paste of wallpaper
6. Price analysis of wallpaper
7. Maintenance and Repair of Wallpapers 12. Selection and Use of Stone Panels
l. Characteristics of stone plates
2. Classification of stone plates
3. Quality evaluation of stone plate
4 stone plate specifications
5. Stone plate pavement
6. Price analysis of stone plate
7. Maintenance and repair of stone slabs 13. Choice and use of solid wood flooring
l. Features of solid wood flooring
2. Kinds of solid wood flooring
3. Quality evaluation of solid wood flooring
4. The choice of floor paint
5. The empty paving method of solid wood floor
6. Solid wood floor method
7. Price analysis of solid wood flooring
8. The maintenance and repair of solid wood flooring 14. The selection and use of composite wood flooring
1. Features of composite wood flooring
2. Types and specifications of composite wood flooring
3. Quality evaluation of composite wood flooring
4. Installation of composite wood flooring
5. Price analysis of composite wood flooring
6. Maintenance and Repair of Composite Wood Flooring 15. Selection and Use of Ceramic Tiles
1. The characteristics of ceramic tiles
2. Classification and specifications of ceramic tiles
3. Quality evaluation of ceramic tiles
4. Ceramic floor tile pavement treatment
5. Paving ceramic tile
6. Price analysis of ceramic tiles
7. Maintenance and repair of ceramic tiles 16. Selection and use of plastic flooring
1. Features of plastic floor
2. Classification of plastic floor
3. Quality appraisal of plastic floor
4. Pavement of plastic coil floor
5. Pavement of plastic floor blocks
6. Price analysis of plastic floor
7. Maintenance and Replacement of Plastic Floors 17. Selection and Use of Floor Coatings
1. Features of the floor coating
2. Kind of floor coating
3. The use of floor coatings
4. Price Analysis of Floor Coatings 18. Selection and Use of Carpets
1. The characteristics of the carpet
2. The type and level of carpet
3. Comparison of the performance of various material carpets
4. The quality of the carpet
5. Paving of carpet tiles
6. Rolling carpets for active paving
7. Rolling carpet barbed board card pavement
8. Adhesive and fixed pavement for roll carpets
9. Carpet price analysis
10. Care and maintenance of carpets 19. Selection and use of decorative corners
1. Characteristics of decorative corners
2. Types of decorative corners
3. Quality evaluation of decorative corners
4. Installation of decorative corners
5. Analysis of the price of decorative corners
6. Maintenance and repair of decorative corners 20. Selection and use of hanging mirrors
l. Hanging mirror features
2. Kinds of hanging mirror
3. Quality evaluation of hanging mirror
4. Hanging mirror installation
5. Price analysis of hanging mirrors 21. Selection and use of skirting boards
1. The characteristics of the skirting board
2. Classification and selection of skirting boards
3. The quality of the skirting board
4. Installation of skirting board
5. Price analysis of skirting board
6. Maintenance and repair of the skirting board 22. Selection and use of the lamp pool line
1. The characteristics of lamp pool line
2. Lamp light classification lamp
3. Quality assessment of the lamp pool line
4 lamp pool line installation
5. Maintenance and repair of lamp pool line 24, Selection and use of PVC ceiling profile
1. Features of PVC ceiling profiles
2. Classification of PVC ceiling profiles
3. Quality identification of PVC ceiling profiles
4. Installation of PVC ceiling profiles
5.Price analysis of PVC ceiling profiles
6. Maintenance and replacement of PVC ceiling profiles 25. Selection and use of gypsum plasterboard
1. Features of Paper Paste
2. Classification of paper horse blue board
3 paper quality inspection
4. Use of plasterboard
5. Price analysis of gypsum board 26. Selection and use of decorative lamps
1. The characteristics of decorative lamps
2. The classification of decorative lamps
3. Selection principles of decorative lamps
4. Selection of ceiling lamps and chandeliers
5. Installation of decorative lamps
6. The price analysis of decorative lamps
7. Maintenance and repair of decorative lamps and lanterns 27. Selection and use of fasteners
1. Selection and use of nails
2. Selection and use of wood screws
3. Selection and use of wall fasteners 28. Selection and use of connectors
1. Selection and use of hinges
2. Selection and use of sliding doors and windows 29. Selection and use of adhesives
1 selection and use of multifunctional adhesive
2. Selection and use of floor adhesive
3. Selection and use of wallpaper adhesive glue 30, purchase of washing facilities
1. The main contents of the washing room
2. Bathtub purchase
3. Purchase of bath room
4. Optional mirror 31, bathroom accessories purchase
l. Optional faucet
2. Purchase of flush valve
3. Selection of shower heads 32. Contents of kitchen equipment
1. The role of kitchen equipment
2. Kinds of kitchen equipment
3. The principle of kitchen equipment selection
4. Kinds and characteristics of kitchen equipment
5. Common kitchen equipment installation quality problems and treatment methods
6. Quality appraisal of kitchen equipment 33, purchase of kitchen equipment accessories
1. The purchase of stove
2. The purchase of the basin
3. Purchase of range hoods
4. Selection of exhaust fans 34. Purchase of steel doors and windows
1. Characteristics of plastic doors and windows
2. Quality appraisal of steel doors and windows
3. Installation and acceptance indicators for plastic steel doors and windows
4. Price analysis of plastic steel doors and windows
5. Maintenance of plastic steel doors and windows 35. Purchase of decorative doors
1. The function of decorative doors
2. The classification of decorative doors
3. The principle of decorative door selection
4. Quality assessment of decorative doors
5. The price analysis of decorative doors 36. To improve the environmental quality of the purchase of electrical appliances
1. Improve the content of environmental quality appliances
2. The choice of air conditioner
3. Purchase and installation of air purifier
4. Selection of air humidifiers 37. Improvement of quality of life Electric appliances
1. Improve the quality of life of electrical appliances
2. The purchase and placement of water heaters
3. The purchase and placement of drinking fountains
4. Purchase and placement of microwave ovens
4. Selection and placement of hair dryer
6. Hand Dryer Selection and Placement 38. Home Improvement Project
1. The main content of home renovation project
2. The purpose and content of the ceiling project
3. The purpose and content of the wall project
4. Purpose and content of ground engineering
5. Purpose and Content of Door and Window Engineering
6. The purpose and content of the matching electrical installation 39. The construction program of the home renovation project
1. The principle of home decoration construction organization
2. The overall construction process of home renovation
3. Bedroom decoration construction program
4. Construction procedures for kitchen renovation
5. Construction procedures for sanitation and decoration decoration 40. Construction and acceptance of suspended ceilings
l. The role of suspended ceiling
2. Installation of wooden keel
3. The installation of decorative panels
4. Acceptance of algae ceilings
5. Common quality problems and treatment methods for alveo ceilings
6. Estimated construction period of ceiling for caisson 41. Construction and acceptance of wooden grille ceiling
1. The role of wood grille ceiling
2 wooden grille ceiling installation
3. Common quality problems and treatment methods for grille ceilings
4. Estimated construction period of wood grille ceiling 42. Construction and acceptance of wooden door and window project
1. Contents of wooden doors and windows construction
2. Construction specifications for the installation of wooden doors and windows
3. Construction specifications for wooden door and window covers
4. Acceptance of wooden doors and windows
5. Common quality problems and treatment methods for wooden doors and windows
6. Estimated forty-three construction period of wooden doors and windows, construction and acceptance of heating covers
1. Construction content of heating cover
2. Heating hood construction specification
3. Heating cover construction essentials
4. Acceptance of heating cover
5. Common problems and treatment methods for heating cover construction
6. Estimated construction period of the heating cover construction forty-four, wooden curtain box construction and acceptance
1. Construction content of wooden curtain box
2. Construction specification of wooden curtain box
3. Acceptance of wooden curtain box
4. Common quality problems and treatment methods for wooden curtain box construction
5. Estimated construction period of wooden curtain box 45. Construction and acceptance of wooden wall skirt
1. The construction content of the wooden wall skirt
2. Construction specification of wooden wall skirt
3. Acceptance of wooden wall skirt
4. Common problems and treatment methods for wooden wall skirts
5. Estimated construction period of wooden wall skirts 46. Construction and acceptance of wooden floors
1. Construction specifications for wooden floors
2. The technical essentials of wood floor construction
3. Acceptance of wooden floor construction
4. Common quality problems and treatment methods for wood floor construction
5. Estimated construction period of wood floor construction 47. Construction and acceptance of mixed oil painting
1. The top paint construction specification
2. Specification for construction of wooden surface oil
3. Acceptance of mixed oil painting
4. Common oil quality problems and treatment methods
5. Estimated construction period of mixed oil painting 48. Construction and acceptance of clean oil painting
1. Contents of oil painting
2. Clean oil brushing procedure
3. Primary treatment before clean oil painting
4. Clean oil coating construction specification
5. Environmental requirements for oil painting
6. Acceptance of clear oil brush
7. Common oil quality problems and treatment methods
8. Estimated construction period of clear oil brushing 49. Construction and acceptance of paint brushing
1. Construction specifications for ceiling paint
2. Construction specifications for wall paints
3. Acceptance of latex paint
4. Latex paint brush common quality problems and treatment methods
5. Estimated construction period of latex paint coating 50. Construction and acceptance of cement mortar plaster
1. Cement mortar plaster construction procedures
2. Construction specifications for cement mortar plaster
3. Acceptance of cement mortar plaster
4. Common quality problems and treatment methods of cement mortar plaster
5. Estimated construction period of cement mortar plastering 51. Construction and acceptance of wall tiles
1. Construction procedure for wall tiles pasting
2. Acceptance of wall tile paste
3. Wall tile paste common quality problems and treatment methods
4. Estimated construction period of wall tile paste 52. Construction and acceptance of ground stone and porcelain tile
1. Construction procedures for ground stone and porcelain tiles
2. Specification for construction of ground stone and porcelain brick
3. Acceptance of ground stone and porcelain brick pavement
4. Common quality problems and treatment methods for ground stone and porcelain tile pavement
6. Estimated construction period of ground stone and porcelain tile paving, and construction and acceptance of carpet pavement
1. Barbed board card carpet carpet construction specifications
2. Specification for construction of fixed bonded carpets
3. Acceptance of carpet pavement
4. Common carpet carpet quality problems and treatment methods
5. Estimated construction period of carpet pavement, construction and acceptance of wallpaper paste
1. Wallpaper paste construction program
2. Wallpaper paste construction specifications
3. Acceptance of wallpaper paste
4. Wallpaper paste common quality problems and processing methods
5. Estimated duration of wall paper wallpaper construction fifty-five, kitchen equipment installation and acceptance
1. Installation procedure for kitchen equipment
2. Inspection of kitchen equipment before installation
3. Construction specifications for kitchen equipment installation
4. Acceptance of kitchen equipment installation
5. Common kitchen equipment installation quality problems and treatment methods
6. Estimated construction period of kitchen equipment installation fifty-six, installation and acceptance of sanitary equipment installation
1. Toilet installation specification
2. Wash basin installation specification
3. Bathtub installation specification
4. Shower installation specification
5. Specification for the installation of bidets 57. Construction and acceptance of enclosed balconies
1. The form of the balcony
2. The material of the balcony
3. Construction specifications for flat sealing balconies
4. Construction specifications for convex seal balconies
5. Acceptance of the balcony
6. Estimated construction period of the closed balcony fifty-eighth, partition wall construction and acceptance
1. Construction procedure of wooden keel partition wall
2. Construction specifications for wooden keel partition walls
3. Acceptance of wooden keel partition walls
4. Estimated construction period of wooden keel partition wall 59. Construction and acceptance of circuit renovation project
1. Circuit reconstruction project construction procedures
2. Construction specifications for circuit renovation project
3. Acceptance of circuit reconstruction project
4. Common quality problems and treatment methods for circuit reconstruction projects
5. Estimated construction period of circuit reconstruction project 60. Construction and acceptance of pipeline renovation project
1. Construction procedure for pipeline renovation project
2. Construction specifications for pipeline renovation project
3. Acceptance of pipeline renovation project
4. Common quality problems and treatment methods for pipeline renovation projects
5. Estimated duration of the pipeline renovation project 61. The following renovations are out of date
1, the decorative line on the wall
2, a large area of ​​ceiling
3, wall skirts
4, heating cover
5, curtain box
6, various door covers 62, smart home wiring system solutions 63, identify furniture materials
1. Cherry wood series
2. Maple Series
3. Oak series "Lessons on Home Decoration - Design and Technology" The second part of the design of home decoration design is the beginning of all projects, there is no design in place, there can be no qualified engineering, so design is the leader, is the project Guarantee of smooth implementation.
Design Principles (1) Principles of the Protection Structure The purpose of home decoration is to create a safe, comfortable and warm home living environment. The first step is to ensure the safety of the family's living environment. The structure is the main frame that constitutes the residential housing, which bears the safety of the entire housing and the quality of the structure. It directly relates to the seismic level of the housing and the safety during use. If the structure is arbitrarily demolished and changed in the decoration, the quality of the housing will be reduced. . Home decoration activities, especially the home decoration of residential buildings, are not only the activities of each household, but also a kind of social consumption activities. It is bound to have a neighboring relationship with the neighbors. If you do not pay attention to the protection structure, it is possible. The building after renovation has become a dangerous building, and even in the course of renovation construction, structural collapse and cracking accidents have occurred, causing heavy casualties and property damage. Therefore, for the safety of the family and others, we must protect the structure.
1. Structures that cannot be demolished in the decoration In the home decoration, the main items that cannot be demolished include bearing walls, half-walls with balconies outside, beams or columns of rooms, and the demolition or modification of these parts directly affects the safety of houses. .
2. Judgment of load-bearing wall and non-bearing wall The basic structure of the load-bearing wall bearing house, regardless of its location, is absolutely prohibited in the decoration. Therefore, the correct identification of bearing walls is extremely important. The main materials of the bearing walls are bricks, reinforced concrete, etc. The thickness of the walls is more than 240 mm. Boxing is used to fight walls, and the sound is boring and there is no empty drum sound. Non-bearing walls are partitions that divide the interior space. They can be dismantled or displaced in home decoration. The walls of non-bearing walls are thin. The materials are mainly gypsum board, plate and cement sheet, and the walls are hand-knocked. Drums, if struck hard, there is a slight trembling on the wall.
3. The load capacity of the housing and the selection of the decoration The safety of the housing is closely related to the materials used in the decoration works. The foundation of any housing and the carrying capacity of the design is a fixed value. If the weight of the room body is greatly increased, the foundation of the house will be destroyed, causing structural damage, especially in high-rise residential buildings in the city. Extensive use of materials such as stone, which are heavy, can greatly exceed the carrying capacity of the building's foundation and endanger the safety of the structure. Therefore, in home renovation, light building decoration materials should be advocated. If you use heavy materials such as stone, you should also choose a thickness of less than 10 millimeters. At present, many property management departments have specific regulations on the weight of home decoration materials and must be strictly observed.
4. Other issues to be noted in the protection structure In addition to the protection of load-bearing walls and the ability to pay attention to loads, attention should also be paid to the following structural issues in home decoration.
(1) Pay attention to the protection of the waterproof layer: In the process of home decoration, when the bathroom floor is under construction, it is easy to destroy the original waterproof layer and affect the use of the lower occupants. Therefore, in the decoration design process, we must pay attention to the protection of the waterproof layer, if the construction endangers or damages the waterproof layer, it must be repaired waterproof layer, or redo waterproof.
(2) Attention to fire prevention: During the home decoration process, a large amount of decorative materials must be used. Once a fire occurs, the consequences are extremely serious. Therefore, flammable materials such as artificial materials and fabrics used in decoration should be fire-retardantly treated to reduce the loss of fire.
(3) Attention to circuit capacity: When the residential building is under construction, the capacity of the circuit is a fixed value. When a home is renovated, the circuit needs to be modified, such as moving or adding an indoor power outlet. As the actual use of air conditioners, humidifiers, purifiers and kitchen appliances, the use of a large number will significantly increase the power consumption, endanger the safe use of electricity, therefore, in the home decoration, the meter capacity, the thickness of the wire, etc. Should be redesigned to avoid accidents during use
(II) Principle of Adhering to Individuality The family is the place where each family member is sentimentally placed. The purpose of home decoration is to create a living environment that is suitable for the family members' preferences and habits, due to the occupation, hobbies, age, and gender of each family member. The structure and living habits are not the same. Therefore, the pursuit of the living environment and the goal of expectation cannot be the same. If you copy and copy blindly when decorating your design, you will not be able to reflect the particularity of your family and you will not be able to achieve the goal of home decoration. Therefore, in the home decoration, i should promote the innovation and highlight the characteristics of the family. As long as it is loved by family members, it can be boldly designed to create a unique living space suitable for family habits.
l. Performance of the individual character of the decoration The performance of the individual character is mainly manifested by the modeling, landscaping, color application and material selection in the living room space. Modeling is the external performance characteristics of each unit design, such as the top of the modelling, the shape of the door, etc.; landscape is the placement of the ornaments in the local space and the proportion of the design, such as the living room furniture, lamps, calligraphy and painting selection and placement Location, etc.; color use is to reflect the state of mind and emotions in different colors of the color juice, such as cold, warm colors reflect the personal preference orientation; material selection is through the choice of different materials to express personal interests, such as the ground material There are many choices such as stone, wooden floor fly ceramic tile, carpet, paint, etc. Different choices directly reflect the family's strength, living habits and aesthetic concepts.
2. The correct way to personalize the decoration of any family in the decoration, we must use a certain reference, many people regardless of family life needs, choose hotels and restaurants as a sample of home decoration, it is impossible to reflect the characteristics of the family. The design of home decoration should produce its own decoration effect through the design and matching of its own unique modeling, landscaping, color and materials. This decoration effect must adapt to the preferences of individuals and family members, be compatible with my own professional characteristics, be compatible with the age and gender composition of family members, be compatible with the family’s cultural values ​​and values, and not be subject to the established framework. Bondage.
3. Outstanding personality and overall harmonious family decoration advocates outstanding personality and unconventional, but it must also abide by the basic design principles, that is, to maintain the consistency and perfection of the overall decoration style, do not use the temporary interest and hobbies as home environment design. The dominant ideology should be guided by long-term and developmental ideology for home decoration design. Outstanding personality is best expressed in the form of non-fixed ornaments and furniture for easy adjustment or replacement.
(iii) Economic and practical principles
1. Do not advocate overdrafts The fundamental purpose of home decoration is to improve the quality of life. Any family decoration has a wide range of choices and adjustments. Therefore, we must act according to our financial strength. We must not engage in debt decoration and can not be decorated due to Affect the quality of daily life in the family. In fact, the decoration methods are rich and varied, and spending more money does not necessarily have a good decoration effect. The key is to properly carry out the operation of home decoration, carefully designing, selecting materials, and selecting a decoration team, which can not only control the cost. Within a given amount, you can achieve a satisfactory decoration effect.
2. Do not promote luxury decoration Home decoration needs to take into account the needs of daily life, to play a convenient life, the decoration results must be practical. The function of the family is the place where family members live, gather together, and communicate. It should facilitate the exchange of people's feelings, the lifestyle suitable for family members, and the convenience of living activities as the main purpose. The luxury decoration is made up of a large number of high-grade materials, focusing on For display, maintenance takes a lot of time and effort, spending money also finds the trouble of daily life, it is not suitable for family adoption.
3. Practical performance of fitting decoration Practical decoration is in a limited space, can maximize the function of family life, in order to achieve scientific use of space, has a clean and safe living environment, convenient and comfortable daily life facilities and The purpose of economical and simple daily use cost. This should be the common goal of all home improvement pursuits and use this goal to guide the design, selection, and construction of home renovations.
4. The grade of decoration The main content of home decoration is to do floor treatment on the floor, wall and roof, renovate the doors and windows, replace and transform the kitchen, bathroom, lamps, etc., as well as the production of supporting furniture. . Home decoration can be divided into 4 levels:
(1) The decoration price is below 500 yuan per square meter for low-grade decoration, including the decoration treatment of the floor, wall and roof, and the renovation of doors and windows. The materials are mainly made of common domestic materials.
(2) The decoration price is between RMB 500-800 per square meter for ordinary decoration. In addition to the items including low-grade decoration, the replacement and production of some facilities have been added. The materials are mainly domestically produced and high-grade products.
(3) The decoration price is between 800-1500 yuan per square meter for high-grade decoration, not only including the overall decoration of the structure, while the production of supporting furniture and bathroom, kitchen equipment replacement and purchase. The main materials are domestic high-grade materials, supplemented by imported materials.
(4) The decoration price is more than 1,500 yuan per square meter for luxury decoration, the general family is not necessary, the content is basically the same with high-end decoration, but the choice of materials is more gentrified.
5. Reasonable Arrangement of Renovation Funds The financial arrangements in home renovation can be divided into two categories. One is the transformation of the environment, mainly the cost of structural decoration. The other is the cost of improving the quality of daily life, including the purchase and installation of sanitary ware, kitchen equipment, furniture, and household appliances. In the home decoration capital arrangement, the first part of the expenditure should not be used as the focus of the investment, and it can be controlled in the ordinary grade. The second part of the expenditure directly affects the internal quality of the living environment and the quality of daily life. It should be a family decoration. The focus of China's investment should be much larger than the first part and must not be reversed.
Home decoration color design
(-) Fundamentals of Color Application The color of the entire material world is extremely rich, but no matter how complex and beautiful the color is, it is composed of red, yellow, blue, black and black. Among them, red, yellow and blue are basic. Color, while black and white are elements that adjust the color of light. Other colors can be constructed from the three basic colors. For example, red and yellow can be combined into orange, yellow and blue can be combined into green, and red and blue can be combined into purple. The combination of two basic colors is called the second time. Color (also known as inter-color), the color of the questioning is brighter. The combination of the three primary colors is called the third color (also known as the complex color). The proportions of the three primary colors are different, and the combined colors are different. The color of this combination is fuller. If you add black color, you can change the purity of the color, so that the color becomes calm, if you add white, you can increase the brightness of the color, bright and translucent.
1. Color classification According to the influence of color on human psychology, colors are divided into warm and cold colors. The heat sources that humans contact in life, such as flames and sunlight, are dominated by red and yellow. Therefore, colors dominated by red and yellow are called warm colors. The warm colors reflect a warm, warm and cheerful atmosphere, which is mainly used in festive and warm environments. The colors of cool materials such as plants and sea are mainly blue and green. Therefore, the colors mainly composed of blue and green are called cool colors, which reflect a calm, moist, light atmosphere, and are mainly used in places where the mood needs calmness. .
2. The collocation of color says: "Red with green, slapstick" refers to the mismatch of colors in the same space, which makes people feel uncomfortable. Therefore, when using multiple colors in the same space, Must pay attention to the change of hue. In general, when various colors contrast very strongly, it is necessary to mix one color into each color so that each color contains that ingredient, thereby weakening the intensity of each color and achieving the purpose of enhancing the sense of harmony. In the color design of home decoration, more is the use of white tone to reduce the intensity of various colors, increase brightness, make the color of the entire space harmonious and natural.
3. The color transition In the home decoration, the colors that make up each side of the interior space cannot be exactly the same, so when one color plane is transformed into another color plane, you need to use the middle color to make transitions to avoid blunt color changes. It feels bad. For example, from the red floor to the light yellow wall, there should be skirts and skirtings with intermediate colors, so that the color can smoothly turn from red to light yellow. In the same façade, it is also necessary to make transitions in regions with intense contrasts. For example, when hanging a black-based photograph on a white wall, a purple or gray frame or decorative line transition is required. In the home decoration design, various The use of decorative lines mainly plays a role in color transition.
4. The choice of colors Color has an important effect on people's psychology. Different ages, genders, customs and habits, and their love for color are different. In terms of age, children and adolescents are naive and lively, and they are particularly fond of flying bright colors. Young people are active in thinking, pursuing knowledge and energetic, and prefer bright and contrasting colors; middle-aged and old people are calm, subtle and simple. , generally prefer low purity colors.
In the use of color, special attention should be paid to the understanding and understanding of colors by different ethnic customs and religious beliefs. Generally speaking, the peoples and regions that believe in Buddhism like red and yellow; and the peoples and regions that believe in Islam are particularly fond of green and white; those who believe in Christianity love blue and purple. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the design style and the use of color.
(B) Color Design and Application in Different Areas
1. The color of bedroom The bedroom is the place where people sleep and sleep - the requirements for color are higher, and the different ages require a large difference in the color of the bedroom. In the children's bedroom, the colors are bright yellow and light blue. By the time of adolescence, the characteristics of men and women are obvious. Men and young people should adopt cool blue tones. Women's bedroom is best made of light pink and other warm colors. The newlyweds' bedroom should adopt passion and warm warm colors. , The color does not hinder. Old and middle-aged bedrooms should be dominated by hustle and light gray. In order to facilitate people's rest and sleep, the color of the bedroom should not be too heavy, and contrast should not be too strong. It is better to choose elegant, quiet and natural colors.
2. The kitchen color kitchen is the place where food is made, and the color performance should be based on cleanliness and hygiene. Because the kitchen is prone to contamination during use, it requires regular cleaning. Therefore, it should be based on self and gray. The ground should not be too light, can use dark gray and other stain-resistant color, the wall should be mainly white, easy to clean, the top should use light gray, light yellow and other colors.
3. The restaurant's color restaurant is a special place for dining, but also the room for the whole family to gather. The use of color should be determined according to the family members' preferences. Generally, warm colors should be selected to highlight the warm and peaceful atmosphere. At the same time, it should be easy to clean up. The overall use of darker colors should be used, but local colors should be light yellow, white, etc. to reflect the hygienic color. The floor of the restaurant should be dark red and dark orange. The color of the walls can be more diverse. One design is a contrast, reflecting the family personality F. The other design is to choose dull and dominate the mood. No matter what kind of choice, as long as it is good for the health of the whole family.
4. The living room's color living room is the most displayable part of the whole family, and the color is also the most abundant. The color of the living room should be based on the warm tone reflecting warm hospitality, and there can be large color jumps and strong contrasts. Focus on the decorative parts. The color is strong enough to look noble and elegant, therefore, the ground should use dark red, black and other heavy colors. The wall should be based on the family's hobbies, generally in the choice of red, purple, yellow and other colors, the top of the color is to rely on the decorative lights and its light golden lights to create a magnificent color effect. The change of the color of the living room largely depends on the change of the furniture color. When choosing the living room sofas, display cabinets and other furniture, the color contrast of the same structure decoration should be selected, and the color of the decoration should be more abundant. For example, a light-yellow sofa is placed on a black floor, and the sofa fabric is in a multi-color pattern based on green, and the decorative effect is very prominent.
5. The color study of the study is a space for serious study and calm thinking. Generally, the design should be based on the cool colors such as blue and green, so as to create a quiet and refreshing learning atmosphere. The color of the study must not be too heavy, and contrast should not be strong. Suspended ornaments should be dominated by soft-style calligraphy. The general ground should adopt light yellow floor, and the wall and roof should use light blue or white.
6. The color of the bathroom The bathroom is a place for bathing, ally washing, and washing. It is also a space with high requirements for cleanliness and hygiene. There are two forms of color for selection. One is a white-based light hue, and the ground and walls are decorated with white, light gray, and other colors; the other is a dark hue, and the ground and walls are black and dark gray. decoration. The two effects have their own characteristics. The first is concise and easy. The average family has more choices. The second is more stable, more stylish and more individualistic. The people with more active thoughts are more fond of it.
7. Colors in recreational areas Since the leisure facilities on the market today are mostly black, this factor should be taken into consideration when designing recreational areas. If it is used in conjunction with the living room, the design should mainly be based on the requirements of the living room; if it is used alone, it should be based on dark colors. The specific color to use should be determined by the family members’ hobbies and the content of the regular entertainment items. The blue-based cool colors should be used for items with strong fighting power, and the red and yellow-based warm colors should be suitable for use. For self-entertaining projects.

Wall wood selection and use
1. Characteristics of Wall Wood Wall wood mainly includes two types of large core boards and plywood boards. Daxinban is also known as blockboard. It is a wood profile with logs as the core and outer surface material. Daxinban has the characteristics of uniform specifications, strong processing, non-deformation, and the ability to paste other materials. It is a family. Renovation of wall materials, top decoration and fine wood decoration are indispensable technical products. Therefore, it is very popular with decorative construction units and is widely used. Plywood is one of the most widely used wood products in home decoration. It is also called plywood. It is a profile that is pressed with a rotary sheet of technical material. It is mainly used for surface decoration of decorative materials and fine wood furniture. decoration.
2. Classification of wall wood The large core board can be divided into two types from the processing technology. One type is a manual plate, which is artificially inserted into a sandwich layer. This type of plate has poor nail holding strength and large gaps. It is not suitable for sawing processing. Generally, it can only be used for a whole range of sub-projects for home decoration, such as making solid wood. Floor cushions, etc. The other is the mechanism board, which is of better quality than the manual board. However, the differences in the types of trees, the fineness of the processing, and the tree species of the surface layer are still very different. Plates produced by some large companies are dense in texture and strong in nails in laminated trees. They can be used in furniture, window frames, and other fine decoration. A lot of small companies produce a lot of holes in the board, and the bonding is not solid and the quality is poor. Generally, it is not suitable for use in the construction of joinery. In the mechanism board, there are two kinds of plain-faced core boards and veneer core boards. The plain core board can only be used as an intermediate material during use, and the decoration purpose can only be completed after veneer processing. The veneer core board is treated with a veneer during the manufacturing process. The surface layer is affixed with valuable wood veneers such as stick wood, manchurian ash, sleeve wood, Sapele, etc., and can directly process high-grade furniture and various veneering decoration. However, its technical requirements for operating workers are high.
The plywood can be divided into plywood, plywood, etc. according to the number of layers. According to the species, it can be divided into manchurian ash, fell wood, nanshu, and cuff. The plywood has a smooth surface, is not easy to warp, and has obvious wood grain. Beautiful, excellent surface material, easy to process and construction, can be used with a variety of materials of the substrate, the surface can be painted with a variety of coatings and other features, widely used in the production of home decoration furniture panels and side panels, doors and windows frames, each Class finishes and other finishes.
3. Quality evaluation of wall wood The quality of the large core board is very different. When it is selected, it is necessary to carefully check the quality of the board. The main purpose is to test the tree species and the density of the processing. In-filled pine and other nail holding strength, not easily deformed, the quality of the material is better than the internal hardwood; texture dense, seamless than the texture of the loose. When selecting a large core board, first observe whether there is any glue or putty phenomenon around the perimeter. If there is such a situation, there must be a gap or void inside. Then, tap the surface with a sharp-nosed instrument and listen to the sound. If there is a big difference in the sound, if there is a change in the sound, there will be a hollow inside. When purchasing in bulk, quality inspection documents such as product test reports and quality inspection certificates shall be inspected. If necessary, inspections may be conducted and samples may be sealed and accepted.
The veneer has obviously changed the natural defects of the wood, but the quality of processing is still very different.鉴定贴面板的质量,主要是面板的正面外观质量。具体要求为:正面不得有死节和补片3角质节〈活节)的数量少于5个,面积小于15平方毫米;没有明显的变色及色差;没有密集的发丝干裂现象及超过200毫米×0.5毫米的裂缝;直径在2毫米以内的孔洞少于5个;长度在15毫米之内的树脂囊、黑色灰皮每平方米少于4个;长度在l50毫米、宽度在l0毫米的树脂漏每平方米少于4条;无腐朽变质现象。
4.墙体木材的价格分析大芯板由于质量不同,所以价格差异很大。手工板的价格在每张40－60元之间,机制板价格在每张80－150元之间,贴面芯板根据面层材料不同而不同,价格一般在每张180－250元之间(以上价格为批量购买的价格)。大芯板为统一规格,均为2440毫米×l220毫米X18毫米,价格差异主要体现在内部材质及密实程度。
贴面板的规格一般为2440毫米×1220毫米×3毫米,大企业生产的贴面板,用手敲击声音清脆,手獗板子有钢性,质量优于小企业,价格必然要高于同树种其他企业生产的产品。目前市场批量价格为水曲柳每张在50－70元之间,棒木三夹板每张在90-120元之间。

木器饰面漆的选择和使用
1.木器饰面漆的特点木器饰面漆不仅有改变木材原有色彩、提高装饰效果的作用,更重要的是通过漆膜与术材表面的结合,达到保护木材、提高木材的抗腐蚀、抗虫蛙的能力。它不仅能延长木材的使用寿命,还能够提高木材的物理性能,降低木材遇水、遇热时的伸缩变化。因此,任何木制品,都必须经过表面的涂饰处理后方能投入使用.
2.木器饰面漆的分类木制品在家庭装修中的表面装饰方法有两种。一种是涂刷溶剂型混色涂料,如调和漆、磁漆等,又称为混油。混油完全遮盖了木材表面的颜色和花纹,主要用于松木等软木3材的表面涂饰。另一类是涂刷清漆,又称为清泊,这种透明涂饰,不仅能保持木材原有的花纹,同时通过基面着色能够改变术材本身的颜色。清漆的装饰效果自然、典雅,斗适宜硬木类表面的装饰。家庭装修中更多使用的是清漆面层刷。
(1)清漆:目前市场上的清漆主要有以下几类:
①硝基类清漆:这类清漆是以硝化纤维素为基料,加入树脂等制成。其优点是漆膜光泽持久,坚硬耐磨,干燥快般指触干为10分钟,硬干为3小时,特别适用于工期紧的工缺点是耐候性差,遇高热、湿会发生效果的变化。它主要}室内家具、细木装修,在卫生间、厨房等场所慎用。
②醇酸类清漆:这类清漆是以醇酸树脂溶于有机溶剂舶其优点是漆膜硬度高、绝缘性好、色泽光亮。缺点是干燥慢工时间长,耐候性差。它主要用于室内家具,细木装修,斗生间、厨房慎用。
③盼隆类清漆:这类清漆是以改性盼醒树脂和干性油:料制成的。其优点是漆膜坚韧持久,耐热、耐水、耐弱酸碱点是漆膜稳定性差，容易泛黄,主要用于室内家具的涂饰。
④虫胶清漆:这类漆是将虫胶片溶于酒精,制成棕红1液。其优点是使用方便,干燥快,漆膜坚硬光亮。缺点是l性、耐水性差,漆膜不稳定,主要用于木器表面颜色的调!补修。
(2)混油目前市场上的混泊主要有调和漆和磁漆两种中磁漆是以天然干油松香醋、干性油等制成,虽然具有较好的干燥性,漆膜较硬、光亮,但由于其耐候性差,易失光、龟裂,所以用于术器表面不多。家庭装修中的混油涂刷,主要使用的是调和漆,目前调和漆主要有以下几种:
聚醋类调和漆:这类漆的附着力强,遮盖力强,漆膜耐腐蚀、耐晒、耐久性好,干燥时间也较快,施工方便,是目前家庭装修混油涂刷的主要涂料,价格略高于其他类调和漆。
醇酸类调和漆:这类漆的附着力强,遮盖力强,漆膜较硬,耐腐蚀,耐晒,不裂,干燥时间较长,但价格低于聚醋类,也是家庭装修中的主要材料。
调和漆从漆膜效果上看主要有全光、半光、哑光三种,半光和哑光,是在全光基础上加入哑光剂形成的。
3.木器饰面漆涂刷的基层处理木器表面无论是涂清油还是涂混泊,都应进行表面处理,具体方法如下:首先对术质表面进行清理,除去表面的灰尘、油污、胶迹、木毛刺等,可用术砂纸打磨,打磨平整后,要用色腻子对表面的年轮、钉眼、裂纹、洞眼等进行填补刮平,色腻子应与木材基面颜色一致。如果木材表面有色斑、颜色不匀等,需要进行脱色处理,脱色剂为双氧水(30%)2氨水(25%)2水=122210,用毛刷或棉球蘸脱色剂涂于需脱色处,木材脱色后用冷水将脱色剂洗净。
4.木器饰面漆的涂刷
(l)木器表面涂清泊:木器表面涂刷清泊的主要操作程序
(2)木器表面涂混油:木器表面涂刷混泊的主要操作程序
5.木器饰面漆的价格分析木器饰面漆的涂刷是技术性强、耗费工期的工程。从油漆价格分析,价格相对较低,每平方米的价格在5-15元之间,但其辅助材料费及人工费占的比重大,每平方米在15-30元之间。
6.木器饰面漆的维护和修补木器饰面漆的保养较容易,可用弹子弹去表面的浮土,遇有油渍、墨水等污染,应用潮湿布擦去,木器表面油漆不要用热水擦拭。
混油饰面破损,可用原油漆进行局部的修补,可根据损坏面积使用不同工具,毛笔、刷子都可以。清油饰面破损,就无法进行局部修补。

陶瓷墙砖的选择和使用
1.陶瓷墙砖的特点陶瓷墙砖是家庭装修中必不可少的墙体装饰材料,陶瓷墙砖的吸水率低,抗腐蚀、抗老化能力强。特别是其特殊的耐湿潮、耐擦洗、耐候性,是其他材料无法取代的,其价格低廉,色彩丰富,是家庭装修中厨房、卫生间、阳台墙面理想的装修材料。
2.陶瓷墙砖的种类及规格用于墙面装修的装饰砖,可以分为两类。第一类是袖面砖,这种砖的表面涂有一层彩色的轴面,经加工烧制而成,色彩变化丰富,特别易于清洗保养,主要用于厨房、卫生间的墙面装修。另一类是通体墙砖,质地坚硬,抗冲击性好,抗老化,不褪色,但多为单一颜色,主要用于阳台墙面的装修。
陶瓷袖面砖的形状多为长方形,使用时竖立粘贴,可以增加装修后的视觉高度。有60毫米×240毫米、l00毫米×200毫米、1l5毫米×240毫米、150毫米×200毫米、l50毫米×225毫米、200毫米×300毫米等多种规格,厚度在6－l0毫米之间,可以根据需要选择。
通体墙面砖多为长条形,使用时应横向粘贴,给人以稳重踏实的感觉,有45毫米X95毫米、45毫米×195毫米、50毫米×100毫米、50毫米×150毫米、50毫米X200毫米、60毫米×240毫米等多种规格,厚度一般为6－8毫米,可以根据需要选择。
3.陶瓷墙砖的质量鉴定陶瓷墙砖的质量鉴定主要应掌握以下几点：
(1) The distributor shall ask for the quality inspection certificate and quality inspection report of the product.
(2)在现场进行目测检查,观察产品有无缺袖、斑点、裂纹、轴泡、波纹等明显质量缺陷,有以上缺陷的绝对不能选用。
(3)用手检测。 After the two bricks are clamped by the fingers and hit each other, the sound is crisp and loud and it is a qualified product. The low soundness of the sound must have inherent quality defects.
(4) Perform color difference discrimination. Due to the large number of purchases of wall tiles, if there is a significant color difference between multiple packages, the decoration effect is very much affected. It is necessary to compare the samples of all packages and observe the changes in the color difference. The color difference can not be selected.
(5) It is necessary to examine the specification dimensions one by one. Products with a size error of more than 0.5 mm and a flatness of more than 0.1 mm will not only increase the difficulty of construction, but also have poor results after renovation and cannot be used for engineering.
4.陶瓷墙砖的胶粘剂种类墙面粘贴陶瓷砖,目前可有两种选择,一种是到市场购买成品胶粘剂直接粘贴,另一种是现场配制。
目前市场上常见的粘资砖的胶粘剂有三种:第一种是立时得快速胶粘剂,是可直接使用的产品。使用时在墙体表面和瓷砖背面薄薄涂抹一层胶液,晾置数分钟后,用手触摸胶面不粘手时,上墙压合即可,使用非常方便。第二种是JD-503瓷砖粘结剂,产品为白色粉末状,使用时加水调成粘稠胶液。这种产品不仅有很强的吸附力,同时有一定的时间可以做粘贴调整,调好的胶浆应在4小时内用完。一般抹胶厚度在3－5毫米之间。第三种是903多功能建筑胶,也是直接使用的产品,这种产品粘结强度高,2小时之内可以调整,刮胶厚度为2毫米,使用非常方便。选用成品胶粘贴,成本较高,适宜在墙体基层表面斗i常平整时选用,否则粘贴成本就会加大。
家庭装修中粘贴墙面砖一般采用现场配制107胶水泥胶柑剂的方法。以水泥2107胶2水=100210220的体积比调制戚糊状水泥浆,粘结厚度在5毫米以内,可有数小时调整时间,又【墙体表面要求较低,是最经济实用的粘贴胶剂。
5.陶瓷墙砖粘贴的基层处理陶瓷墙砖粘贴要求基层平整、牢固,具有较强的稳定性,医此必须进行基层处理。在已装修的涂有自灰、大白等物质的lE墙,要将表面物全部铲除,直至铲出混凝土或水泥抹灰墙面关止,铲后要清扫表面浮灰等杂物。对于凹凸不平的墙面,可距体积比为123的水泥砂浆大面积找平。对砖砌墙,应用清水准湿墙体后,再用体积比为123水泥砂浆找平。对于使用年久献旧墙面上的泊渍,要用高效清洗剂彻底清除油渍后,再进行墓层的找平处理。使用107胶水泥胶粘剂粘贴时,应对表面光滑的墙面进行凿毛处理,以提高同胶剂的粘结程度。
6.陶瓷墙砖粘贴前的处理陶瓷墙砖在使用前还应进行选砖和浸湿的处理,才能正式粘贴。
选砖就是在粘贴前,挑选形状平整、方正、不缺边、无持角、不开裂、不脱袖、无扭曲、颜色一致的砖分类码放,用于同一墙面;对于有彩色图案或装饰图案的,要按其图案预先编号,便于粘贴时对号入座;砖的薄厚很可能有差异,要将砖捞厚度分类,使用时应先贴厚砖,粘结厚度要小,薄砖后用,以加厚砂浆的方法找平。
浸砖是为增加陶瓷墙砖的粘结性,挑选好的砖应放在清水中浸泡两小时,以砖面不冒泡为标准,取出后阴干,'阴干时阳应根据气候环境确定,以看上去砖体表面有潮湿感、手摸上去无明水感为宜。
7.陶瓷墙砖的粘贴粘贴陶瓷墙砖时,应先排砖弹线。首先确定是直线排列还是错缝排列,当瓷砖外形尺寸差别较大时,宜采用错缝排列。再就是确定瓷砖是横向使用还是竖向使用,长条形砖应横向粘贴。
长方形砖宜竖向粘贴。排砖时应注意同一墙面最后只能有一行非整砖,非整砖应排在不显眼的阴角处,竖向要求阳角及窗口处都应是整砖。对窗间墙、墙垛等处要事先弹好中心线、水平分格线、阴阳角垂直线。若无吊顶需满墙粘贴墙砖时,应从上往下按块计算,非整砖行应紧靠地面。若顶部吊顶,则应从下往上弹线,使吊顶材料在顶部压上砖面,不用留非整砖行。
粘贴瓷砖时,应从下往上,由左向右,从阳角开始。在门口阳角以及大面墙上,每隔两米左右应做一个标志块,用拉线或靠尺校正平整度,并应双面垂直。粘贴时,如最下一层为非整砖,需要按尺寸制作地面垫板。采用成品胶粘剂施工时,将胶粘剂涂抹在砖背面的四角及中间,涂胶面积应为砖面积的50%以上,然后将涂好胶的砖贴于墙面,轻轻揉压,至与相邻砖排齐为止。采用107胶水泥浆粘贴时,将砖背面抹一层水泥浆,四周刮成斜面,厚度小于5毫米,按线贴于墙面,用手轻轻揉压,使其与底层贴紧,用靠尺找平,并注意确保砖的四周砂浆饱满,将挤出的水泥浆刮净。
每行瓷砖粘完后,用长靠尺校正一次,高于粘贴面的,轻轻敲击砖面,挤出砂浆。低于粘贴面的,应取下后重新抹水泥浆再粘贴。粘贴时应注意保持相邻面砖的平整,四块砖的对角处要在一个平面上。
粘贴完毕,要及时将砖面上的胶浆擦净,待砖与墙面粘牢后,将砖缝用水泥素浆(水泥加水)抹均,抹彩色砖缝水泥素浆要加同色颜料,全部完工后,用清水冲净。抹缝时应全部封闭缝中的气孔和砂眼。
8.陶瓷墙砖的价格分析一般国产轴面墙砖,一等品价格在每平方米40元左右,深色彩轴价格略高于浅色彩轴砖价格,加上辅助材料及人工费用等,造价在每平方米80元左右。采用不同的粘贴方法,价格会有所不同,以成品建筑胶粘贴价格最高。进口的彩轴墙面砖价格比国产的高1－3倍,每平方米价格在80－l70元之间。目前中国生产的彩轴墙面砖,质量已经达到国际水平,建议在家庭装修时,尽量选用国产产品。
通体砖的价格略高于彩袖砖,一般每平方米价格高出5－10元,目前国内生产墙面砖的企业近万家,质量、价格差异很大,应在确保质量的前提下,认真进行价格对比后再购买。
9.陶瓷墙砖的维护和修补陶瓷墙面砖的维护和清洗十分简单,小面积污染用布就可以擦去,大面积的污染可先用清洗剂加水,用毛刷刷净污物后,用清水冲干净。墙面砖发生破损,需要修复时,可将破损的墙块从墙上剔除,并将底部的粘胶剂清除后,按照施工程序补上新砖。在修复时注意,不要损坏相邻的面砖,补换的新砖的规格、色彩应与原墙砖一致,要用靠尺找平,粘贴后抹缝即可。
壁布的选择和使用
1.壁布的特点壁布表层材料的基材多为天然物质,质地柔软,装修后使用更为安全可靠,产品具有对人体无刺激、柔韧性好、不易断裂、吸声、无昧、无毒的特点,装饰效果豪华、气派,特别适合于老人、儿童居住的卧室及客厅、餐厅等全家欢聚场所的墙面装修。
壁布的图案丰富,色彩鲜艳,单层壁布的适用范围较广,可以在整面墙上使用,复合型壁布大面积使用时,由于表面需要压条造型,给人的视觉感觉并不舒服,而且清洗护理也很困难,因此多在做局部装饰时使用。
壁布的抗潮湿、防霉等性能比其他墙体材料差得多,所以不能在环境潮湿、需要经常清洗的空间使用。
2.壁布的分类壁布是近几年来不断发展的一种新型装饰材料,壁布从材料层次上分类,可分为单层和复合的两种。单层壁布的材料有纯棉布、混纺布、化纤、无纺布、皮革、丝绸、锦缎等。复合型壁布是由两层以上的材料复合而成,表面材料也非常丰富,背衬材料主要是发泡聚乙烯,分为发泡及低发泡两种,目测两种材料的区别,主要是背衬材料的厚度不同。单层壁布和复合壁布的表层材料,都经过了工艺处理,提高了材料的耐擦洗和阻燃性能,方便了工程使用。
3.壁布粘贴的基层处理单层壁布的基层处理与壁纸基本相同,只是由于墙壁布的遮盖能力比壁纸差,因此对基层表面的颜色要求更高。如果基层表面颜色过深或色彩不一致时,必须进行处理。一般是用腻子粉刮涂,遮盖住基层颜色后再裱糊壁布。壁布由于伸缩性同壁纸不同,所以壁布裱糊对墙面干燥程度比壁纸高,必须等墙面干透后,才能进行裱糊。
4.壁布的粘贴单层壁布的施工操作程序与壁纸基本相同。在选择壁布时,要注意表面不要有抽丝、跳丝的现象。壁布裱糊一般都需要拼花对图,所以下料时要统筹考虑后再裁剪,要便于花型的拼接和材料的综合利用。壁布裁缝要顺直,裁剪时严格避免利器划伤布面,从开始时就要特别注意保持壁布的清洁,防止污染布面。
对于丝绸锦缎壁布,由于其质地柔软、光滑,易变形,所以施工难度较大,可在施工前在背面棱糊一层宣纸,以增加壁布的板结性,便于施工时操作。具体方法是用面粉、防虫剂和水调成稀薄的浆液,将壁布反面向上铺平,两侧压紧压实,用排笔沾浆液由中间向两侧刷浆。浆液不能刷得过多,以能均匀打湿布面为准。再将宣纸用水打湿,贴在布面上,用刮片由中间开始向四周刮压,使布面与宣纸粘贴均匀,放置阴凉处晾干,然后就可以较轻松地进行裁剪、裱糊。
裱糊壁布前,应在已处理好的基层墙面刷一层底胶,以增加粘结的牢固程度。棱糊时注意对缝,不能搭茬,不能横向硬拉;不能用刮板刮压,而应用湿毛巾或板式鬓刷舒展、压平;挤出的胶液需用湿毛巾及时清理。裱糊壁布时阳角不允许对缝、搭茬,所以要求基层墙角必须顺直,裱糊应从阳角第二块位置开始,阳角两侧应是整张壁布。
对于复合型壁布,粘贴后收口部位应用木线压边,用装饰钉钉牢。
5.壁布的价格分析壁布是一种较豪华的装饰材料。壁布的价格是以延长米为计算单位的,壁布的价格随不同的幅宽、材质、工艺的不同而不同,国产壁布每延长米的价格在30－110元之间,进口的价格高于国产,同等规格、质量的进口壁布每延长米高出20－30元。如再加上辅助材料和人工费,每延长米的价格应再加上40元左右。
6.壁布的维护与修补壁布是更新周期短、清洗维护比较困难的墙体装饰材料。在装修后的使用中,应避免强烈阳光长时间直射,避免尖刃锋利的器具损伤表面,防止油渍等污染布面。单层壁布可做适当清洗。一般耐擦洗次数在40次左右,清洗剂为清水或稀释的洗净剂。复合壁布一般不能擦洗,可用吸尘器吸净表层浮土,因此,在使用中特别注意不要污染布面,如发生大面积严重污染和损坏,就要及时进行更新。
轻钢龙骨隔断墙的选择和使用
1.轻钢龙骨隔断墙的特点轻钢龙骨隔断墙是永久性墙体,它以轻钢龙骨为骨架,以纸面石膏板为基层面材组合而成,面部可进行乳胶漆、壁纸、术材等多种材料的终饰,在家庭装修过程中,进行空间布局的调整和设计时,经常使用这种墙体材料,如

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