High-end machine tools: the core technology of the board is free from import dependence

Due to the development of high-end machine tools, China's import dependence on high-end machine tools will continue in the short term. But without the core technology of autonomous, it is difficult to move internationally, so Chinese companies must be more energetic.

　　 In 2010, China's machine tool product trade deficit was 8.04 billion US dollars, an increase of 81.07% year-on-year, a record high in recent years. “Importing one side” has become the norm for foreign trade of Chinese machine tool products, especially some high-end machine tool products, which rely heavily on foreign imports. It can be seen that although China's machine tools have huge production capacity, they cannot yet "arm themselves."

　　 It was learned from the General Administration of Customs that the total import and export of machine tool products in China in 2010 was 13.32 billion US dollars, an increase of 53.99%. Among them, exports were 2.638 billion US dollars, and imports were 10.68 billion US dollars; the trade deficit was 8.04 billion US dollars, an increase of 81.07% year-on-year, a record high in recent years.

　　 The industry believes that the pulling effect of the previous 4 trillion yuan investment, the disconnection of domestic high-end machine tools and the tax incentives for the state to encourage the import of high-end machine tools are the reasons for the surge in imports of high-end machine tools.

　　 High-end machine tool market demand

　　 Wu Bolin, executive vice president of China Machine Tool Industry Association, revealed that the total industrial output value of China's machine tool industry last year was 545 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 40.5%, compared with 165.6 billion yuan in the early 11th Five-Year Plan (2006). , a threefold increase.

　　 Shao Qinzuo, deputy director of the Industry Development Department of China Machine Tool Industry Association, once said that domestically produced machine tools are still difficult to meet the current market demand in China. China is the largest machine tool consumer, accounting for 1/4 of the world's total machine tool consumption, especially There is a huge demand for high-end machine tools.

　　 The 4 trillion yuan economic stimulus plan has made the demand for medium and high-end machine tools in the automotive, military, energy, railway and rail transit fields “hungry,” but this has always been a shortcoming of the development of China's machine tool industry, relying heavily on Germany, Japan, etc. Imports of the country.

　　 Although the country launched the "high-end CNC machine tools and basic manufacturing equipment major projects" in 2009, it is planned to achieve 70% to 80% of high-end CNC machine tools and basic manufacturing equipment required for aerospace, marine, automotive and power generation equipment manufacturing by 2020. Domestically, but in Shao Qin's view, this "major special project" has a stronger scientific and technological breakthrough, far from meeting the industrialization needs.

　　 “The key to 'production, research and research' is 'use', and finally it will fall on the word 'use'. But now, the research goals of major special projects are out of touch with our industrialization, especially on the key components of high-end CNC machine tools. We have not done enough work." Shao Qin said.

　　 Shao Qinzuo also said that the state's encouragement to introduce advanced technology and import high-end machine tools is also a reason for import growth. According to the Measures for the Administration of Imported Discounted Funds issued by the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Commerce, the advanced technology and equipment listed in the catalogue will be subsidized by the interest subsidy policy when the company imports by general trade.

　　 Lack of independent core technology

　　 Shao Qin admits that due to the development of high-end machine tools, China's dependence on high-end machine tools will continue in the short term. He said: "It is understandable that the machine tools that can't be manufactured by itself can be imported, but if they can be imported, they will have an impact on China's machine tool industry. The more imports, the greater the impact."

　　 In fact, the mid-end products of China's machine tool industry are also surrounded by “foreign manufacturing”. It is understood that although the parameters of domestically produced ordinary machine tools can meet the requirements, due to the lack of reliability and precision, a considerable part of China's mid-range machine tools must also be imported from South Korea and other countries.

　　 Foreign countries occupy the commanding heights of high-end technology and product exports. Luo Baihui, executive secretary of the International Association of Molds and Hardware and Plastics Industry Suppliers, said that Japan and Germany are restricting exports to high-end machine tools. "For example, DMG's high-end five-axis linkage machine is limited to export to China, even high-end technicians. There are also restrictions on employment in the field. They are worried that the loss of personnel will be accompanied by the outflow of technology," he told.

　　 For the introduction of high-end technology through mergers and acquisitions, Shao Qin believes that the machine tool industry is characterized by multiple varieties, small batches, high technology content, and is not suitable for large-scale mergers.

　　 "The machine tool industry is no more than a trouser shirt. Technology accumulation and development require a certain period of time. Without three or five years, it will not suddenly pop up a lot of new products that have been upgraded," Wu Bolin pointed out. Shao Qinzuo also believes: "There is no independent core technology, and it is difficult to do internationally. Chinese companies must be more energetic."