In the winter shed and the arch shed, the temperature is low, and the greenhouse vegetables should obtain high quality and high yield. Under the premise of applying the base fertilizer, the soil fertilization can be changed to foliar application. This is not only easy to operate, it saves labor, saves fertilizer, does not damage the stems and leaves of the crops, and has quick fertilizer effect, significant increase in production and efficiency, and is conducive to improving the quality of vegetables. To properly apply foliar fertilizer, you must master the following techniques:
Use the right foliar fertilizer
There are many types of foliar fertilizers, and foliar fertilizer should be used correctly according to different ingredients.
Watermelon, melon, cucumber, zucchini and other melon vegetables and tomato, eggplant, pepper and other solanaceous vegetables can be sprayed with Shibao, photosynthetic micro-fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and other fertilizers. These fertilizers can be sprayed separately or in combination, and if used interchangeably, the effect is better. Spray Shibao is generally used 5 ml per acre, diluted with 60 kg of water and sprayed; photosynthetic micro-fertilizer should be applied in sunny afternoon; the spraying concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 0.3%, and sprayed twice during the crop growth period. 2 intervals of 15-20 days. In addition, the effect of plant 2003 on zucchini and cucumber was good; the effect of Yifengsu on celery and alfalfa was significantly increased; Leili 2000 increased the yield on solanaceous vegetables.
Fertilizers and spraying methods for leafy vegetables: celery, spinach, cabbage, leeks, spinach and other green leafy vegetables should be sprayed with urea, ammonium sulphate and other chemical fertilizers, if the addition of appropriate amount of gibberellin is better . Suitable spraying concentrations are: 1% ammonium sulfate and 2% urea. Spray 50-60 kg of diluted solution per acre, and add 1 g of gibberellin opened with alcohol, and spray 2-3 times per season.
Fertilizers suitable for root vegetables and spraying methods: These vegetables mainly include green onions, garlic, potatoes, radishes, and carrots. This kind of vegetables requires more phosphate and potassium fertilizers throughout the growing season, and the demand for potassium fertilizer is the largest. The suitable spraying concentration is: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.4%, potassium sulfate 1%, ternary compound fertilizer 1%, and superphosphate 3%. Each time, 50 kg of diluted liquid per acre is sprayed once every 10-15 days, and even spraying 2-4 times is appropriate.
Choose the best spray time and method
Spray the foliar fertilizer to choose the sunny day from 9:00 to 11:00, and let the air be vented at around 12:00. This not only prolongs the wetting time of the fertilizer on the leaf surface, but also does not increase the humidity in the shed. It should be noted that it should not be used on rainy days and afternoons.
When spraying foliar fertilizer, try to increase the atomization degree of the sprayer to make the droplets fine. Spraying should be carried out throughout the plant, especially on the back of the new leaves and leaves, without leakage or re-spraying, and the stems and leaves are moist but not underflow. Generally, 50-75 kg of spray fertilizer is needed per acre.
Control times, reasonable application
It has been observed that the occurrence of gray mold is related to the potassium content of crops, and the gray matter is high when the potassium content is high. Generally, the foliar fertilizer has a high potassium content, and the number of times of foliar application of potassium fertilizer is too high, which is easy to induce the occurrence of low-temperature disease gray mold. In addition, the number of foliar fertilizers containing hormones is too low to cause a reduction in production. For example, when the frequency of use is high, such as Yifengsu and Tianda 2116, the leaves become thicker and darker, the internodes are shorter, and the melons are severe. Therefore, vegetables in the greenhouse, especially melons, solanaceous fruits, etc., should control the number of use of foliar fertilizer, and the interval should be more than one month. Eliminate the practice of bringing some foliar fertilizers every time you fight.
For the deficiency of deficiency, the micro-fertilizer should be used correctly. The elements that are easily lacking in winter greenhouse vegetables are calcium, boron, iron, manganese, and the like. Calcium deficiency in cucumber is easy to cause bald and rotted piles, which can be sprayed with 0.3%-0.5% calcium chloride or 2% calcium perphosphate leaching solution. When the tomato is iron-deficient, it can spray 0.3% ferrous sulfate. When the celery is deficient in boron, it can spray 0.2%-0.3% borax solution plus 0.3% quicklime. When manganese is deficient, it can spray 0.2%-0.3% manganese sulfate or manganese chloride.
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