The grinding wheel cutting machine is a device that cuts steel, cast iron, non-metallic materials and some non-ferrous metals by using the cutting ability of the thin grinding wheel at high speed. It is suitable for machinery, metallurgy, mining, construction, automobile manufacturing and other industries. The author analyzes the manual portable grinding wheel cutting machine that is popular in the market. Although it is easy to use, low in cost and strong in mobility, it still has poor stability, large mechanical vibration, large fluctuation of feed force, and feed speed. Disadvantages, large changes in the linear speed of the grinding wheel. A lot of improvements and improvements have been made on the basis of this model. Developed a new type of combined cutting machine, which provides feed motion with hydraulic system, which can achieve automatic control and safety protection. It has reasonable control of feed motion, stable cutting force, small vibration, and grinding wheel speed in the grinding process. Basically constant and safe and reliable.
1 Overall structural design In order to ensure the realization of the preset characteristics, the principle of the main structure design of the grinding wheel cutting machine is that the main structure must be compact and reasonable, and each working system has high independence, economical and practical, such as.
1.1 Power and transmission system motor selection Through the calculation of the grinding force and the force analysis of the pulley and the grinding wheel: the motor power P=2.5kW can meet the cutting requirements; through the analysis of the better linear speed range of the grinding wheel during cutting, the grinding wheel The speed should be between 2800~3500r/min. Referring to the motor configuration of the common grinding wheel cutting machine, the Y series motor has the characteristics of high efficiency, energy saving, large starting torque, low noise, low vibration, high reliability, convenient use and maintenance, etc., that is, Y9012 three-phase asynchronous motor is used, technical parameters Table 1. Table 1 motor selection model power kW) rated speed r / min) mass kg) (2) the choice of grinding wheel according to the size requirements of the workpiece, intended to use! 400mm resin grinding wheel cutting piece, the speed is more than 3500r/min. Through the market's various brands of cutting pieces, the "400 resin grinding wheel cutting piece produced by Jinhua City Cathay Wheel Grinding Co., Ltd., the diameter of the cutable round steel is up to 80mm. (3) The transmission mechanism design is based on the motor speed and cutting speed requirements. Select the transmission ratio i=l. Considering the V-belt transmission buffer vibration absorption, the operation is smooth and noise-free, the manufacturing installation accuracy is not strict, and the self-slip protection can be self-slip during overload. The V-belt first-speed transmission is still used in the design.
At the time of cutting processing, the linear velocity of the thin grinding wheel greatly affects the cutting efficiency, the roughness of the cutting surface, and the like. Therefore, the ideal grinding machine should satisfy: the grinding wheel can always run at a higher linear speed within the allowable linear speed range of the thin grinding wheel, so the design cutting speed is set to 2930r/min. In the cutting process, due to the grinding wheel The self is worn, the diameter is gradually reduced, and the cutting line speed is gradually reduced. For example, a thin grinding wheel with a diameter of D=400 mm has an initial linear velocity of 61.3 m/s; when the grinding wheel is worn to a diameter of D=%260 mm, the linear velocity is lowered. 42.9m / s. How to ensure the line speed is constant, the design uses a variable angular velocity structure: variable angular speed transmission part as shown, the diameter of the two pulleys can be adjusted within a certain range, can achieve stepless adjustment After the speed and the wear diameter of the thin grinding wheel become smaller, the linear speed can be ensured to be within the preferred range of cutting 5070 m/s. In the continuously variable transmission mechanism, the driving pulley adopts the pressing force of the spring 3 to move the conical disc 2 on one side, and the moving conical disc is adjusted by the tension of the V belt. 1. The driven pulley adopts a manual adjustment of the conical disc single side. The moving structure is adjusted, and the screw 6 is rotated to move the nut 5, and the conical disc 7 on the left side of the double groove is pushed to move axially. When the conical disc moves to the left, the diameter of the driven wheel becomes smaller; when the conical disc moves to the right, the diameter of the driven wheel increases. When the cutting machine is equipped with a new thin grinding wheel D=! 400, the diameter of the driven wheel can be adjusted to the maximum. At this time, the active pulley will automatically be at a minimum, the mechanism transmission ratio is 1, and the grinding wheel speed is the smallest, ensuring the cutting line speed is about 61 m/s. As the grinding wheel gradually wears during use (the diameter gradually becomes smaller), the screw can be conveniently adjusted. 6. The diameter of the driven wheel is adjusted as needed, and the driving wheel automatically increases under the action of the spring thrust, thus changing the rotational speed of the grinding wheel accordingly. Big. Although the diameter of the thin grinding wheel is reduced, the linear velocity can still be in a higher state. This shifting mechanism is capable of shifting during parking and operation, so that the line speed of the sheet grinding wheel during the entire use can be in a range of preferred linear speeds at any time. This not only improves the cutting efficiency, ensures the cutting accuracy, but also extends the service life of the thin grinding wheel.
1.2 The power slide feed system is to better realize the feed movement of the grinding wheel. The grinding wheel and motor assembly are fixed on the power slide table, and supported by two parallel cylindrical sliding guide rails. The power slide table is realized by the action of the hydraulic cylinder. Reciprocating motion can complete the work cycle of “fast forward, one work, one quick return, one stopâ€. The feed rate is controlled by a speed control valve to achieve stepless speed regulation.
According to the working conditions and the working performance requirements of the cutting machine, the design calculation can be obtained: through the calculation of the grinding force and the force analysis of the pulley and the grinding wheel, the maximum working pressure of the hydraulic system is: 1.5Mpa. Finally, the cutting machine is working. The power-load relationship diagram in the process is as shown.
The load and speed diagrams are designed with clamping and positioning devices at the front end of the rack: according to the size and shape of the sample, the v-shaped positioning groove is specially set on the jaws to ensure the center of the blank simply and accurately. Automatic alignment, making full use of the automatic alignment feature of the v-shaped positioning groove, as shown.
1.3 Operation control system After the main motion and feed drive system are determined, from the principle of convenient, safe and reliable operation, the operation control system is designed as a self-protection control system, which can reduce dust and avoid collapse and injury. The general idea of ​​the control system principle: It should be able to produce sequential control; to prevent overload and ensure safe operation, the interlock between the operation of the main motor and the feed motion of the power slide should be realized, that is, after the hydraulic pump is energized, the main motor The machine can start working; the power slide can be adjusted to stop at any position by jog control; manual and sequential control can be realized; power signal indicator, work indicator and lighting system are available.
1.4 Fully enclosed dust removal and exhaust protection cover adopts fully enclosed self-protection dust removal system, the maximum opening angle of cutting grinder is 180; the gap between the protective cover and the grinding wheel is 65 at the opening angle above the horizontal plane of the center line of the grinding wheel spindle. The machine is designed to be safe and reliable, with a reliable safety self-protection and stability system and high cutting line speed, ensuring cutting efficiency and cutting quality, while improving the working environment and achieving environmental protection.
2 Conclusions focused on the development process of the grinding wheel cutting machine, focusing on the v-type variable angular velocity transmission device, using the characteristics of hydraulic transmission, increasing hydraulic feed, combined with electrical control, developed an automatic feed, grinding wheel Cutting machine with adjustable line speed. On the basis of extensive market research, the developed grinding wheel cutting machine has significant advantages in cutting work and improving labor productivity. It has high efficiency and safety, fast cutting speed, small cutting blade loss, high cutting precision, and no oxidation on the cutting surface. Layer and other advantages. Through actual use, the operation is ideal.
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